Drugs online research references
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1991 Oct;28(4):491-7.
Uptake of 3H-norfloxacin in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Cundy KV, Fasching CE, Willard KE, Peterson LR.
Medical Service, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55417.
To examine the possibility of a proton-motive efflux pump for quinolones in highly quinolone-resistant clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), we studied 3H-norfloxacin uptake in two quinolone-resistant and two quinolone-sensitive strains of MRSA whose gyrA region surrounding amino acid codons 84 and 85 had been sequenced. Two strains were related (one sensitive and one resistant) in that both were recovered from a single patient, one before (sensitive) and one after (resistant) ciprofloxacin therapy. Drug uptake was assessed in four separate experiments running triplicate bacterial suspensions with radiolabeled drug added at time = 0. Sampling was performed in 10 min increments up to 50 min by a vacuum filtration method. The ionic uncoupler, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCPH), was added at 40 min to test inhibition of a pump mechanism. The results demonstrated no statistically significant differences in uptake between the sensitive and resistant groups, and the uptake patterns were similar. CCCPH also induced an equivalent surge, or enhanced uptake among these strains, rendering an energy-dependent efflux pump an unlikely contributor to the high levels of resistance seen in our strains. Our findings support parallel studies done on these isolates that implicate mutational changes at amino acid codon 84 and/or codon 85 in the gyrA gene as an explanation for high-level quinolone resistance (MIC to ciprofloxacin greater than or equal to 16 mg/L) in MRSA.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1761443&dopt=Abstract
Antibiot Khimioter. 1991 Sep;36(9):31-4.
[Sensitivity of Pseudomonas mallei to fluoroquinolones and their efficacy in experimental glanders]
[Article in Russian]
Batmanov VP.
Thirteen strains of P. mallei were found to be highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin and resistant to norfloxacin. Ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin showed a high efficacy on models of malleus in guinea pigs and hamsters. The animals were infected with various strains of P. mallei. In the in vitro experiments, ciprofloxacin proved to be the most active and efficient. Norfloxacin appeared to be inefficient.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1781709&dopt=Abstract
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1989 Jul;8(7):622-4.
Ciprofloxacin resistance in methicillin- and gentamicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Maple P, Hamilton-Miller J, Brumfitt W.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, Hampstead, London, UK.
A total of 112 Staphylococcus aureus strains resistant to methicillin and gentamicin were collected from 31 centres in 22 countries worldwide. Many strains were multi-resistant. In tests to determine the susceptibility of the organisms to ciprofloxacin 16 strains (14.3%), originating from France, the FRG, Israel and Italy, were shown to be resistant to this agent. To limit ciprofloxacin resistance, a reappraisal is necessary of fluoroquinolone usage against methicillin- and gentamicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2506023&dopt=Abstract
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