Drugs online research references
Am J Med. 1987 Apr 27;82(4A):73-5.
Treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus experimental osteomyelitis with ciprofloxacin or vancomycin alone or in combination with rifampin.
Henry NK, Rouse MS, Whitesell AL, McConnell ME, Wilson WR.
Therapy with vancomycin alone or ciprofloxacin alone did not significantly reduce the number of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in bone in rats with experimental osteomyelitis, compared with the number in control rats. Treatment with rifampin significantly (p less than 0.01) decreased the number of MRSA per gram of bone compared with the number in control animals. There was no significant difference in the results of therapy with rifampin compared with the results obtained with the combination of vancomycin plus rifampin. The combination of ciprofloxacin plus rifampin was the most effective regimen for the treatment of MRSA experimental osteomyelitis and the results of therapy were significantly (p less than 0.01) superior to those following treatment with rifampin alone or the combination of vancomycin and rifampin. Following cessation of antimicrobial therapy, significant (p less than 0.01) regrowth of MRSA in bone occurred in animals treated with rifampin alone or ciprofloxacin plus rifampin. The emergence of resistance of MRSA during treatment occurred in two rats treated with rifampin alone and in one treated with rifampin plus vancomycin.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3578332&dopt=Abstract
Med Dosw Mikrobiol. 1993;45(2):149-52.
[Susceptibility of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant staphylococci to ciprofloxacin]
[Article in Polish]
Namysl E, Piechowicz L, Krzywinska E, Galinski J.
Katedra i Zaklad Mikrobiologii Lekarskiej AM w Gdansku.
Investigations were carried on 352 strains of Staphylococcus aureus and 105 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci, isolated from various clinical materials and derived from some regions of the country. Methicillin-resistance was tested by an antibiotic dilution method in solid Mueller-Hinton medium with addition of 2% NaCl. Staphylococci with MIC higher than 4 micrograms/ml were considered as resistant. The same method for testing resistance to ciprofloxacin was used. Only one strain (S. aureus) was resistant to both ciprofloxacin and methicillin. All remaining strains of staphylococci were ciprofloxacin-susceptible. The MIC for all of them was not higher than 2 micrograms/ml, regardless of resistance to methicillin. Some slight differences in MIC50 and MIC90 values were found between MRSA and MSSA and they were, respectively, 1 microgram/ml and 0.25 microgram/ml, and 2 micrograms/ml and 1 microgram/ml. Mean MIC of ciprofloxacin for MRSA was 1.1 microgram/ml and for MSSA it amounted to 0.4 microgram/ml. Range of MIC was following: MRSA--0.12 microgram/ml--16 micrograms/ml and MSSA--0.12-2 micrograms/ml. Coagulase-negative staphylococci, both methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive, exhibited same value for MIC50, MIC90 and MIC range and they were following: 0.5 microgram/ml, 1 microgram/ml and 0.12-1 micrograms/ml. Both groups differed slightly in mean MIC values which was 0.6 microgram/ml for methicillin-resistant strains and 0.47 microgram/ml for methicillin-sensitive staphylococci. It seems that within staphylococci isolated in Poland there is no correlation between resistance to methicillin and ciprofloxacin, which is frequently pointed out by other authors.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8309287&dopt=Abstract
Chemotherapy. 1989;35(5):333-7.
Newer agents against methicillin and/or gentamicin-resistant and -susceptible staphylococci.
Chandrasekar PH, Sluchak JA.
Department of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Mich.
The in vitro activities of the newer agents Deptomycin, Difloxacin, A-56620 and Ciprofloxacin were compared with those of vancomycin, rifampin and gentamicin against methicillin-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, rifampin, deptomycin and the quinolones tested. Newer agents had activity superior to that of vancomycin, whereas the activity of the newer agents and rifampin was comparable. Gentamicin resistance was frequent, however, the resistant staphylococci were susceptible to other antibiotics tested.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2551600&dopt=Abstract
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