Drugs online research references
shum.cc.huji.ac.il
Many members of the Halobacteriaceae are inhibited by quinolone compounds, which inhibit type II DNA topoisomerase. Ciprofloxacin was the most potent inhibitor, followed by ofloxacin and norfloxacin. Ciprofloxacin concentration between 25 and 60 micrograms/ml caused 50% inhibition of the growth of most Haloferax and Haloarcula species. Halobacterium species were less sensitive, At sublethal concentrations, formation of elongated and/or swollen cells was observed in many species. The alkaliphilic Natronobacterium pharaonis was very sensitive (50% inhibition by ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and norfloxacin at concentrations between 4 and 15 micrograms/ml). The resistance of many members of the Halobacteriaceae to high concentrations of quinolone compounds may in part be due to the high magnesium concentrations present in the growth media. Haloferax volcanii was sensitive to 40 micrograms/ml ciprofloxacin when grown at suboptimal magnesium concentrations (0.1 M), but was hardly affected by 100 micrograms/ml of the inhibitor when grown in the presence of 0.5-0.75 M MgCl2. It is suggested that the putative archaeal type II DNA topoisomerase has properties similar to those of the enzyme from Bacteria, although its sensitivity to quinolone antimicrobial compounds may be lower.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8661928&dopt=Abstract
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1988 May;32(5):785-7.
Alterations in outer membrane proteins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated with selective resistance to quinolones.
Daikos GL, Lolans VT, Jackson GG.
Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago 60680.
Electrophoresis of outer membrane proteins in three ciprofloxacin-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated during therapy and their in vitro revertants indicated that diminution or loss of a 31- to 32-kilodalton outer membrane protein correlated with resistance in two of the three isolates. Resistance was unstable and caused no cross-resistance with other antibiotics.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3134852&dopt=Abstract
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1991;85 Suppl 1:44-5.
Chemoprophylaxis of meningitis.
Jones DM.
Manchester Public Health Laboratory, Withington Hospital, UK.
Chemoprophylaxis of meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis and Haemophilus influenzae may be determined by the epidemiology of transmission, the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the organisms, and the usage of vaccines. A review of transmission in England distinguishes differences in sporadic and cluster meningococcal infections. Because of resistance to sulphadiazine, rifampicin and ciprofloxacin are prophylactic agents of choice. Vaccination can be a useful adjunct to antibiotic prophylaxis. Prophylaxis for meningitis due to H. influenzae type b can be provided by rifampicin and vaccination can also be an adjunct to antibiotic prophylaxis.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1803697&dopt=Abstract
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