Drugs online research references
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1993 May;31(5):711-23.
In-vitro synergy and mechanism of interaction between vancomycin and ciprofloxacin against enterococcal isolates.
Unal S, Flokowitsch J, Mullen DL, Preston DA, Nicas TI.
Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly & Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285-0428.
In-vitro synergy between vancomycin and ciprofloxacin against 44 enterococcal isolates was studied. Synergy occurred in chequerboard MIC determinations with six Enterococcus faecium strains resistant to both vancomycin and ciprofloxacin. The combination was additive for strains susceptible to one or both antibiotics. Time-kill studies involving selected strains with different susceptibility patterns confirmed the chequerboard results. The effect of ciprofloxacin on the induction of vancomycin resistance was compared in two vancomycin-resistant strains of E. faecium. Sub-inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin prevented induction of vancomycin resistance in a ciprofloxacin-resistant strain, but not in a ciprofloxacin-susceptible strain. Membranes isolated from vancomycin-resistant ciprofloxacin-resistant cultures grown with vancomycin and ciprofloxacin at < or = 8 mg/L (0.125 x MIC) expressed a 39.5-kDa membrane protein involved in the expression of vancomycin resistance, but the protein was not detected in membranes from cultures grown in ciprofloxacin 16 mg/L. These findings indicated that a vancomycin-ciprofloxacin combination can be synergic against enterococci resistant to both vancomycin and ciprofloxacin, but would be unlikely to offer any advantage in the treatment of enterococcal infections because of the high concentrations required.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8335499&dopt=Abstract
Pharm Res. 1995 Sep;12(9):1299-303.
The intestinal transport mechanism of fluoroquinolones: inhibitory effect of ciprofloxacin, an enoxacin derivative, on the membrane potential-dependent uptake of enoxacin.
Hirano T, Iseki K, Sato I, Miyazaki S, Takada M, Kobayashi M, Sugawara M, Miyazaki K.
Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital, School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
PURPOSE. To clarify the absorption-structure relationship for the fluoroquinolones from the point of view of inhibitory behavior. METHODS. The inhibitory effects of ciprofloxacin on the transport process of enoxacin across the rat intestinal brush-border membrane was examined. RESULTS. Ciprofloxacin, which has a similar structure to enoxacin, exhibited a pH-dependent interference with enoxacin absorption from rat jejunal loops. The uptake experiments using BBM vesicles showed that ciprofloxacin significantly reduced not only the initial binding of enoxacin to the membrane surface, but also the K(+)- or H(+)-diffusion potential-dependent transport across the membrane. Furthermore, an H(+)-diffusion potential (interior negative) also exhibited a stimulative uptake of ciprofloxacin. CONCLUSIONS. These results suggest that the inhibition behavior of ciprofloxacin from the jejunal loop was closely related to the ionic diffusion potential-dependent uptake of enoxacin across the brush-border membrane.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8570525&dopt=Abstract
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1985 Apr;15(4):457-62.
Comparative in-vitro activity of ciprofloxacin against non-fermenters.
Husson MO, Izard D, Bouillet L, Leclerc H.
The in-vitro activity of ciprofloxacin, a quinolone-carboxylic acid derivative, was compared with those of carbenicillin, azlocillin, cefsulodin, ceftazidime, tobramycin and amikacin against 187 non-fermenters. Only one of the 131 strains of Pseudomonas spp. was not inhibited by 1 mg/l of ciprofloxacin, while these isolates appeared highly resistant to carbenicillin, azlocillin and cefsulodin. Ciprofloxacin was also the best agent against Flavobacterium, Alcaligenes faecalis and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus with MIC90's respectively of 0.5, 4 and 8 mg/l. This new compound appeared bactericidal, and we found a small or no inoculum effect with ciprofloxacin.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3159710&dopt=Abstract
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