Drugs online research references
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1988 Aug;32(8):1278-81.
Comparative in vitro activity of PD 127,391, a new fluorinated 4-quinolone derivative.
Norrby SR, Jonsson M.
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Umea, Sweden.
PD 127,391, a newly developed 4-quinolone chemically similar to ciprofloxacin, was studied in vitro by using agar and broth dilution and two inoculum sizes. PD 127,391 was found to be highly active against gram-negative aerobes, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Pseudomonas spp. Its activity against gram-positive aerobes was better than that of ciprofloxacin.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3142352&dopt=Abstract
J Chemother. 1997 Dec;9(6):391-3.
Streptococcus pneumoniae killing rate and post-antibiotic effect of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin.
Fuchs PC, Barry AL, Brown SD.
The Clinical Microbiology Institute, Wilsonville, Oregon 97070, USA.
In vitro killing rates for levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin for six strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae were determined by the time-kill method outlined by the NCCLS. Both drugs were bactericidal at concentrations of two and four times their respective minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Levofloxacin achieved a 99.9% kill on average in 1 hour more rapidly than ciprofloxacin. Post-antibiotic effect was also determined for both drugs against the same six strains. A post-antibiotic effect for a mean of 1.2 and 1.0 hours was observed for levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, respectively. The latter means were not considered significantly different.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9491837&dopt=Abstract
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1986 Dec;30(6):892-5.
Bactericidal activity and killing rate of serum in volunteers receiving ciprofloxacin alone or in combination with vancomycin.
Van der Auwera P, Klastersky J.
Ten healthy volunteers received the following regimen on different days: vancomycin, 500 mg intravenously; ciprofloxacin, 200 mg intravenously; vancomycin plus ciprofloxacin. Concentrations in serum measured microbiologically at the end of infusion and 1 and 6 h after the end of infusion were, respectively (mean [standard deviation] in milligrams per liter): 32.3 (5.5), 14.2 (2.6), and 4 (0.9) for vancomycin and 3.12 (0.86), 0.78 (0.18), and 0.19 (0.05) for ciprofloxacin. Vancomycin concentration was not affected by the simultaneous administration of ciprofloxacin. The serum bacteriostatic and bactericidal (SBA) activities were measured 1 and 6 h after the end of infusion against five strains each of Staphylococcus aureus susceptible and resistant to oxacillin, Staphylococcus epidermidis susceptible and resistant to oxacillin, Corynebacterium strain JK, and Listeria monocytogenes and three strains of Mycobacterum fortuitum. Ciprofloxacin alone provided low SBAs against the tested strains even 1 h after administration. Vancomycin provided adequate SBAs against staphylococci and Corynebacterium strain JK 1 h after administration. None of the regimens tested showed adequate bactericidal activity against L. monocytogenes and M. fortuitum. The combination of vancomycin with ciprofloxacin was indifferent. This was confirmed by studying the rate of killing in serum. Vancomycin plus ciprofloxacin appeared to be promising for the empiric treatment of infection in immunocompromised patients.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3813515&dopt=Abstract
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