Drugs online research references
Chemotherapy. 1991;37(1):6-14.
Antimicrobial activity of intravenous quinolones on the intestinal microflora in dogs.
Thadepalli H, Chuah SK, Thadepalli CD, Mandal AK.
Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, UCLA School of Medicine.
The antimicrobial activity of intravenously given quinolones on the intestinal microflora was unknown and therefore studied in dogs with a surgically isolated loop of the jejunum. Ciprofloxacin, enoxacin and norfloxacin were actively excreted by the intestinal mucosa and achieved therapeutic levels within the lumen of this isolated jejunal loop. Also the total counts of enterococci and Escherichia coli decreased in this loop of the jejunum as well as in the stool. All three quinolones, when given intravenously, decreased the total counts of anaerobic bacteria including Bacteroides fragilis.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2013243&dopt=Abstract
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1984 Dec;26(6):935-6.
Ciprofloxacin penetration into extravascular spaces in a rabbit model.
Nichol KL, Peterson LR, Fasching CE, Gerding DN.
Ciprofloxacin penetration into extravascular spaces was studied in a rabbit Visking chamber model. The drug was administered (7 mg/kg) intramuscularly every 4 h for eight doses. Peak and trough drug levels by dose 8 were 1.3 and 0.35 micrograms/ml in serum and 0.61 and 0.50 micrograms/ml in extravascular sites. The ratio of extravascular site to serum free drug area under the drug curve by dose 8 was 91.1%. This potent, new antimicrobial agent appears to distribute freely to extravascular spaces in this animal model.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6524907&dopt=Abstract
Eur J Clin Microbiol. 1987 Aug;6(4):482-5.
Comparative in vitro activity of RO 23-6240 (fleroxacin), a new 4-quinolone derivative.
Machka K, Braveny I.
Institute of Medical Microbiology, Technical University of Munich, FRG.
The in vitro activity of RO 23-6240 was compared with that of norfloxacin, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin as well as four other antimicrobial agents against 345 recent clinical isolates. The MICs of RO 23-6240 against Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter anitratum was less than or equal to 0.5 mg/l. At the same concentration of the compound 90% of staphylococci were inhibited. Against Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa RO 23-6240 proved less active, having MIC90 values of 4.0 mg/l and 8.0 mg/l, respectively. Enterobacteriaceae and staphylococci strains that were resistant to piperacillin, cefotaxime or tobramycin were susceptible to the compound. In general the activity of RO 23-6240 was comparable to those of norfloxacin and ofloxacin, but less than that of ciprofloxacin.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3117538&dopt=Abstract
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