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Brain Res. 1988 Jan 12;438(1-2):1-7.
Cerebrovascular reactivity to angiotensin and angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in cerebrospinal fluid.

Whalley ET, Wahl M.

Department of Physiology, University of Munich, F.R.G.

The purpose of the present study was to test the vasomotor effect of angiotensin I (A I) and angiotensin II (A II) in feline cerebral arteries and to examine the presence of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity in the vessel wall and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). A II (10(-8) -10(-5) M) induced concentration-dependent contractions of feline pial arteries (resting diameter, 98-286 microns) in situ with a maximum of 34% at 10(-4) M A II. A I produced dose-related contractions being approximately 20 times less potent than A II. The action of A I was significantly attenuated by the ACE inhibitor captopril (10(-5) M). These findings demonstrate the presence of ACE activity in the vessel wall and/or its surroundings. ACE activity was also found in feline CSF sampled from the cisterna cerebellomedullaris. Bradykinin (BK) was broken down and A I converted to A II by CSF, both effects being inhibited by captopril. This was demonstrated using bioassay and high-performance liquid chromatography. Considering the present and previous studies we conclude that the presence of ACE in the vessel wall and CSF is necessary for the conversion of A I to A II. Although ACE in CSF is able to degrade BK it appears not to be important for the metabolism of BK acting from the perivascular side of pial arteries in situ.

online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2830937&dopt=Abstract

Hypertension. 1988 Feb;11(2 Pt 2):I144-7.
Captopril and the response to stress in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.

Berecek KH, Coshatt G, Narkates AJ, Oparil S, Wilson KM, Robertson J.

Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of chronic blockade of the brain renin-angiotensin system on the hormonal response to stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). To this end, we measured changes in plasma corticosterone, vasopressin, plasma renin activity, aldosterone, norepinephrine, and epinephrine in SHR treated with a 4-week intracerebroventricular infusion of captopril (osmotic minipump, 1.25 micrograms/hr) or vehicle in response to cold stress (4 degrees C x 4 hours) or ether stress (5 minutes). Within the fourth week of treatment, the average systolic blood pressure of captopril-treated SHR was significantly lower than that of vehicle-treated rats. Basal plasma levels of corticosterone, but not vasopressin, were significantly lower in SHR treated with captopril. In response to cold stress, captopril-treated SHR showed significantly lesser increases in both corticosterone and vasopressin than did vehicle-treated SHR. There were no differences in basal plasma levels of norepinephrine, epinephrine, plasma renin activity, or aldosterone between captopril-treated and vehicle-treated SHR, and both groups showed elevations of a similar magnitude after exposure to cold. In response to ether stress, captopril-treated SHR also showed significantly smaller increases in corticosterone and vasopressin than did vehicle-treated SHR. These results suggest that chronic intracerebroventricular administration of captopril, through blockade of the brain renin-angiotensin system, alters the hormonal response of SHR to stress.

online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2831144&dopt=Abstract

J Clin Pathol. 1986 Aug;39(8):902-7.
Severe cutaneous reactions to captopril and enalapril; histological study and comparison with early mycosis fungoides.

Furness PN, Goodfield MJ, MacLennan KA, Stevens A, Millard LG.

A severe non-dose related skin eruption attributable to treatment with captopril was recently reported: this is distinct from the dose related rashes that have been widely described. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies were carried out to determine in detail the histological features of this eruption: the histological appearances were similar to those found in early mycosis fungoides, so that this disease was erroneously diagnosed in one case. Unlike most other complications resulting from treatment with Captopril, an indistinguishable rash can result from treatment with enalapril, a newer angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor.

online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3018050&dopt=Abstract

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