Drugs online research references
Circulation. 1992 Nov;86(5):1439-42.
QT intervals at heart rates from 50 to 120 beats per minute during 24-hour electrocardiographic recordings in 100 healthy men. Effects of atenolol.
Viitasalo M, Karjalainen J.
First Department of Medicine, University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
BACKGROUND. Conflicting reports about changes in QT intervals suggest that QT values should be compared at similar heart rates. METHODS AND RESULTS. Relations between QT and RR intervals were determined after measurement of QT values by Holter recording at heart rates of 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, and 120 beats per minute in 100 healthy young men. Fifteen men underwent a second recording during acute treatment with the beta-blocking agent atenolol. At heart rates between 80 and 120 beats per minute, the QT interval was significantly longer (from 9 to 16 msec), and at a heart rate of 50 beats per minute significantly shorter (26 msec), than values calculated from Bazett's formula. Sleep prolonged QT values by 18 msec at a heart rate of 60 beats per minute and by 21 msec at a heart rate of 50 beats per minute compared with the waking state. Atenolol lengthened QT intervals significantly (by 11-14 msec) at heart rates between 90 and 110 beats per minute and shortened them (by 12 msec) at a heart rate of 60 beats per minute. During sleep, QT intervals were the same before and after atenolol. CONCLUSIONS. The method of plotting QT against RR intervals after measurement of QT values at similar stable spontaneous heart rates before and after intervention allows changes in autonomic state and heart rate to be taken into account. By this method, QT values can be compared without distortion effects caused by correction formulas.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1358473&dopt=Abstract
Thromb Res. 1982 Oct 15;28(2):213-21.
ON the serotonin liberation from rat platelets due to betaadrenoceptor blocking drugs.
Turcani P, Nosal R, Turi-Nagy L.
The liberation of 14C-5HT and adenine nucleotides from rat platelets due to 10 betaadrenoceptor blocking drugs was studied. The most effective in liberating of 14C-5HT was pricoron, the less effective was atenolol. Except for pricoron all BAB drugs did not liberate adenine nucleotides from platelets. The depletion of adenine nucleotides due to pricoron was dose-dependent. Cold significantly decreased the effect of all betaadrenoceptor blocking drugs on serotonin liberation. The inhibitory effect of tetrodotoxin was evident on the effect of all drugs except of pricoron. Pretreatment of platelets with IAA,KCN, suramin, 5-HT or ASA was without effect. It is evident that most of the betaadrenoceptor blocking drugs liberate 5-HT from rat platelets by mechanism other than release reaction. The liberation induced with pricoron was result of cell lysis.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6129718&dopt=Abstract
Eur J Respir Dis Suppl. 1983;128 (Pt 1):304-17.
Drug effects on mucociliary function.
Pavia D, Sutton PP, Lopez-Vidriero MT, Agnew JE, Clarke SW.
We summarize the findings of 18 clinical studies carried out over a decade to ascertain the effect of 14 pharmacological agents on lung mucociliary clearance. These studies were carried out on a total of 172 subjects/patients and amounted to 443 individual assessments. The objective, in vivo radioaerosol technique was used to measure clearance. Bromhexine, aerosolized hypertonic saline and aminophylline enhanced the clearance of lung secretions. There was some indirect evidence of a speeding up of mucociliary clearance following the administration of prednisolone and the synthetic anticholinergic bronchodilator ipratropium, while hyoscine was found to reduce clearance. There was no effect on clearance of single doses of the beta blockers propranolol and atenolol, the beta 2 adrenergic drug terbutaline, the cholonergic drug bethanecol and the expectorants 2-mercapto-ethane-sulphonate (aerosol) and glycerol guaiacolate. Long term administration (4 - 7 days) of the beta 2 adrenergic drugs terbutaline and clenbuterol also failed to show any effect on lung mucociliary function.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6137400&dopt=Abstract
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