Drugs online research references
Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2000 Oct;2(5):446-453.
Dog Bites: Bacteriology, Management, and Prevention.
Abrahamian FM.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Olive View--UCLA Medical Center, 14445 Olive View Drive, North Annex, Sylmar, CA 91342, USA.
Dog bites are among the most frequent causes of non- fatal injuries in the United States. Most dog bites involve children and young adults. Infected wounds are polymicrobial in nature; the most prevalent organisms are Pasteurella, streptococci, staphylococci, and Fusobacterium, Bacteroides, and Porphyromonas species. Musculoskeletal and neurovascular injuries, as well as systemic infections, can be complications of dog-bite wounds. Treatment includes thorough cleansing of the wound, with copious irrigation. Abscesses, when present, should undergo incision and drainage. Suitable antibiotics for the initial empiric and expectant therapy include amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate, a penicillin with a first generation cephalosporin, or clindamycin and a fluoroquinolone (eg, for patients allergic to penicillins). Preventive strategies should be aimed at public awareness of basic animal safety and responsible pet ownership.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11095891&dopt=Abstract [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Przegl Lek. 2000;57(12):699-701.
[Post-traumatic bacterial meningitis]
[Article in Polish]
Kluba-Wojewoda U, Krupa M, Moskala M, Garlicki A, Krukowiecki J, Bociaga-Jasik M, Caban J, Goscinski I.
Katedra i Klinka Chorob Zakaznych Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Jagiellonskiego w Krakowie.
10 patients with posttraumatic bacterial meningitis were treated in the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Jagielloniam University--Collegium Medicum during the period of 63 months. Traffic accidents were responsible for 80% of all cases of trauma. The most common place of injury was the base of anterior cranial fossa. Infecting agent was established in 8 cases. Gram-positive aerobic cocci (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, and Enterococcus spp.) were found in 4 patients, Gram-negative aerobic cocci (Neisseria meningitidis) in 2 patients, and Gram-negative aerobic rods (Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp, Escherichia coli) in 3 patients. Streptococcus pneumoniae was still highly sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin and cefotaxime. Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus spp. were sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin. Neisseria meningitidis was sensitive to penicillin, cefotaxime, amoxicillin/clavulonate. Gram negative aerobic rods were sensitive to third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems and aminoglycosides. Among 10 patients treated for posttraumatic bacterial meningitis 1 patient died and in 1 preserved vegetative state was diagnosed. In 4 patients severe or moderate disabilities developed, however 4 recovered completely. 6 patients after regression of the CNS infection were qualified to neurosurgical intervention. In 3 patients reconstructive operation of the basis of anterior cranial fossa with tissue glue Beriplast P. was done, the recovery was complete. 3 patients didn't agree to surgical operation, and we don't know what has happened with them. They have not come to the control visit.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11398589&dopt=Abstract
Drug Deliv. 2000 Oct-Dec;7(4):237-43.
Positively charged gelatin microspheres as gastric mucoadhesive drug delivery system for eradication of H. pylori.
Wang J, Tauchi Y, Deguchi Y, Morimoto K, Tabata Y, Ikada Y.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Hokkaido College of Pharmacy, Otaru-city, Japan.
Gastric mucoadhesive drug delivery systems are very promising for eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a spiral bacterium that resides in the gastric mucus layer and at the mucus-epithelial cell interface. New positively charged biodegradable microspheres were prepared using aminated gelatin by surfactant-free emulsification in olive oil, followed by a cross-linking reaction with glutaraldehyde. The amino group contents of the modified gelatin and the microspheres were determined using a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid method. With the increase of glutaraldehyde concentration, the amino group content of the microspheres decreased accordingly. The influence of glutaraldehyde concentration, cross-linking reaction time, drug-loading patterns, and type of release media on the in vitro release characteristics of amoxicillin from the microspheres was investigated. Amoxicillin release rate from the modified gelatin microspheres was significantly reduced compared with that from gelatin microspheres. Furthermore, the release was decreased with the increase of glutaraldehyde concentration and/or cross-linking time. On the other hand, a faster release was observed in a lower pH release medium and/or using a lower pH solution for amoxicillin loading. The gastric mucoadhesive properties of the microspheres were evaluated using RITC-labeled microspheres in an isolated rat stomach. The gastric mucoadhesion of the modified gelatin microspheres was markedly improved compared with that of gelatin microspheres. The modified gelatin microsphere proves to be a possible candidate delivery system for the effective eradication of H. pylori.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11195431&dopt=Abstract
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