Drugs online research references
Sb Ved Pr Lek Fak Karlovy Univerzity Hradci Kralove Suppl. 1989;32(5):625-32.
[Lithium in the prevention of affective disorders: 20 years' experience]
[Article in Czech]
Hanus H, Zapletalek M, Kindernayova H, Tuma I.
Long term preventive lithium administration results are referred to with the manifestation of a full effect in 23% affective illness-related patients. In 70% of patients, the occurrence of side-effects including those initial ones was stated in no but 40% patients in the course of long term lithium-prophylaxis. This fact testifies about the decrease in number of side-effects during the treatment with lithium. Most frequent side-effects were tremors and diarrhea. No serious renal complications were observed, except the onsets of tardive dyskinesis in on patient after the combined administration of chlorprothixene, amitriptyline and lithium. In three patients, the distant relapses were observed without discontinuation of therapy after the 10-year-lasted successful lithium-prophylaxis. In accord to the long term experience, the authors estimate 0.4 mmol/l lithemia level to be the minimal effective one. They believe the lithium is a reliable thymoprophylactic agent, though in accord with them the other substances with larger therapeutic spectrum are to be searched as well as predictors of an effective lithium-prophylaxis.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2638044&dopt=Abstract
Ther Drug Monit. 1989;11(2):196-9.
External quality assurance of tricyclic antidepressant measurements in serum: eight years of progress?
Wilson JF, Tsanaclis LM, Williams J, Tedstone JE, Richens A.
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff.
Comparison of the precision and accuracy of measurements made between December 1979 and January 1988 of tricyclic antidepressant drug concentrations in freeze-dried external quality-assurance samples of human serum showed only occasional significant differences between the different chromatographic techniques used for drug assay. Larger differences between data collected in different years correlated with changes in the source of the sample matrix and the personnel responsible for sample preparation. Measurements of amitriptyline and imipramine were more precise than those of nortriptyline and desipramine; the mean coefficients of variation of measurements were 20.2, 19.6, 26.6 and 25.3%, respectively. The data indicate the need for further interlaboratory studies directed at reducing the high level of variability in tricyclic measurements.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2718224&dopt=Abstract
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1978 Sep;24(3):255-63.
Doses and dosage intervals of drugs--clinical practice and pharmacokinetic principles.
Boethius G, Sjoqvist F.
Outpatient prescriptions dispensed to 17,000 individuals in the county of Jamtland, Sweden, have been analyzed with regard to doses and dosage schedules. Two groups of drugs were studied; one group with marked interindividual variability in metabolism (antidepressants, beta receptor blockers, and phenytoin), the other group excreted unchanged in the urine (digoxin, nitrofurantoin, sulfonamides, and tetracycline). A 25-fold-15-fold variability in daily doses was found for amitriptyline and nortiptyline, respectively. Four-fifths of the prescriptions were for doses between 30 and 75 mg, making the mean dose remarkably low-58 and 48 mg, respectively. The variability in doses was higher for the beta receptor blockers propranolol and alprenolol. Daily doses of phenytoin varied between 0.1 and 0.6 gm, 93% of the doses falling between 0.2 and 0.4 gm. Generally, doses of sulfonamides and nitrofurantoin prescribed to children were correctly reduced. In the elderly the doses of these drugs and tetracycline and digoxin were only moderately reduced in discrepancy with the physiologic impairment of kidney function. The clinical significance of these findings has not been evaluated. The effect of drug information programs on dosage intervals prescribed for procainamide, phenytoin, and beta receptor blocking drugs is demonstrated. It is suggested that more emphasis be given to general pharmacokinetic principles in drug information programs.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=28868&dopt=Abstract
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