Drugs online research references
Ill Med J. 1963 Apr;123:347-8.
Use of amitriptyline hydrochloride in general practice.
DIAMOND S.
PMID: 14027644 [PubMed - OLDMEDLINE for Pre1966]
Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1987 Apr;286(2):272-81.
Effects of indeloxazine hydrochloride (YM-08054) on anoxia.
Yamamoto M, Shimizu M.
Effects of indeloxazine hydrochloride [(+/-)-2-[(inden-7-yloxy)methyl]morpholine hydrochloride, YM-08054] on anoxia were examined. Indeloxazine significantly prolonged survival time of mice subjected to anoxia and improved anoxia-induced impairment of the passive and active avoidance learnings in rats. Indeloxazine at doses inducing anti-anoxic actions showed no effect on cerebral blood flow in cats and pentobarbital sleeping time in mice. Therefore, anti-anoxic actions of indeloxazine are not attributable to cerebral vasodilative or central depressant activities. Calcium hopantenate (cerebral metabolic enhancer) also showed anti-anoxic actions, whereas neither viloxazine, amitriptyline (antidepressant) nor dihydroergotoxine (cerebral vasodilator) showed any effect on anoxia. These results suggest that indeloxazine possesses anti-anoxic activities similar to calcium hopantenate. The mode of anti-anoxic actions of indeloxazine is also discussed.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3592867&dopt=Abstract
Drug Metab Dispos. 1981 Nov-Dec;9(6):565-8.
Demethylation and hydroxylation of amitriptyline, nortriptyline, and 10-hydroxyamitriptyline in human liver microsomes.
Mellstrom B, von Bahr C.
The rates of demethylation and hydroxylation of amitriptyline, nortriptyline, and 10-hydroxyamitriptyline by microsomes from adult human livers were determined by use of mass-fragmentographic or liquid-chromatographic quantitation of the formed metabolites. The demethylation rates of amitriptyline and 10-hydroxyamitriptyline were higher than the hydroxylation rates of amitriptyline and nortriptyline, especially at high substrate concentration. The amitriptyline demethylation rates were 96-570 and 1750-9230 pmol per mg of protein per 10 min at substrate concentrations of 5 and 100 micro M, respectively. The corresponding rates for the hydroxylations were 43-146 and 305-871, respectively. At high substrate concentration (250 micro M) the curve of concentration vs. rate for 10-hydroxylation of amitriptyline seemed to approach a plateau, whereas those for demethylation did not. Interaction between amitriptyline and nortriptyline at the microsomal level was studied by use of deuterium-labeled amitriptyline, and these two compounds were found to inhibit the hydroxylation of each other. In contrast to hydroxylation, the demethylation of labeled amitriptyline increased upon addition of nortriptyline. These results suggest that the well-established variation in steady-state plasma levels of tricyclic antidepressants is due to interindividual differences in liver enzyme activity.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6120818&dopt=Abstract
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