Ambien online research references






farmchim.un.ba.it

Solid dispersions and physical mixtures of Zolpidem in polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000) and 6000 (PEG 6000) were prepared with the aim to increase its aqueous solubility. These PEG based formulations of the drug were characterized in solid state by FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry. By these physical determinations no drug-polymer interactions were evidenced. Both solubility and dissolution rate of the drug in these formulations were increased. Each individual dissolution profile of PEG based formulation fitted Baker-Lonsdale and first order kinetic models. Finally, significant differences in ataxic induction time were observed between Zolpidem orally administered as suspension of drug alone and as solid dispersion or physical mixture. These formulations, indeed, showed almost two- to three-fold longer ataxic induction times suggesting that, in the presence of PEG, the intestinal membrane permeability is probably the rate-limiting factor of the absorption process. Copyright

online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10425358&dopt=Abstract

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J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003 Jun 5;789(1):131-8.
Determination of zaleplon and zolpidem by liquid chromatography-turbo-ionspray mass spectrometry: application to forensic cases.

Giroud C, Augsburger M, Menetrey A, Mangin P.

Laboratoire de Toxicologie et de Chimie Forensiques, Institut Universitaire de Medecine Legale, rue du Bugnon 21, CH-1005, Lausanne, Switzerland. christian.giroud

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inst.hospvd.ch

Zolpidem and zaleplon are two short-acting hypnotic agents used in Europe and in the USA. An atmospheric pressure ionisation liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (Sciex API 150 EX) method was developed for the determination of zolpidem and zaleplon in whole blood. After single-step liquid-liquid extraction, the hypnotics were separated by gradient-elution with an ammonium formate buffer/acetonitrile eluent on an Inertsil ODS-3 column. Methaqualone was used as internal standard. The recovery was higher than 70% for both hypnotics and the internal standard. The best fit for the calibration curve was achieved, between 1 and 250 ng/ml, with 1/x quadratic regression. Coefficients of intra- and inter-assay variation calculated at 5, 25 and 100 ng/ml were less than 10%. The method was successfully applied to forensic cases.

online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12726851&dopt=Abstract

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Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk. 2003;(4):13-7.
[Specific features of the structure of sleep and personality under the conditions of chronic emotional stress and methods of improving the adaptive abilities of man]

[Article in Russian]

Vein AM, Sudakov KV, Levin IaI, Iumatov EA, Kovrov GV, Strygin KN, Posokhov SI, Korabel'nikova EA.

The results of a complex psychophysiological study of human sleep in the chronic stress condition are described. 20 patients with complaints of night sleep disturbances in the chronic stress condition and 10 healthy controls were examined by polysomnography. Profound changes of the quantitative and qualitative sleep parameters, mainly, related with the slow sleep phase, sleep delta characteristics and adaptive wakefulness mechanisms. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of improving the human adaptive parameters in the chronic stress conditions by using the drug and drugless therapy methods.

online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12741354&dopt=Abstract

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Eur J Neurosci. 2003 Apr;17(8):1607-16.
Dentate granule cell GABA(A) receptors in epileptic hippocampus: enhanced synaptic efficacy and altered pharmacology.

Cohen AS, Lin DD, Quirk GL, Coulter DA.

Pediatric Regional Epilepsy Program, Pennsylvania, USA. cohena

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