Drugs online research references
Digestion. 1991;49(3):175-84.
Oxygen free radicals and lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal lesions induced by indomethacin in rats. Relation to gastric hypermotility.
Takeuchi K, Ueshima K, Hironaka Y, Fujioka Y, Matsumoto J, Okabe S.
Department of Applied Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
The relationship of gastric hypermotility to mucosal hemodynamics, lipid peroxidation and vascular permeability changes was investigated in the pathogenesis of indomethacin-induced gastric lesions in rats. Subcutaneous administration of indomethacin (25 mg/kg) produced an increase in both the amplitude and frequency of stomach contraction from 30 min after treatment, resulting in hemorrhagic damage 2 h later. Gastric mucosal blood flow measured by a Laser flowmetry showed oscillatory fluctuations under hypercontractile states: a decrease during contraction followed by an increase during relaxation. Mucosal lipid peroxidation and vascular permeability were significantly increased with time after indomethacin treatment, and these changes preceded the appearance of hemorrhagic damage. All these events were prevented when gastric hypermotility was inhibited by atropine or 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2. Pretreatment of the animals with allopurinol and hydroxyurea or continuous infusion of superoxide dismutase and dimethyl sulfoxide during a test period also attenuated these functional changes and mucosal lesions induced by indomethacin, without affecting the motility response. We conclude that oxygen free radicals may play a role in the development of mucosal lesions associated with gastric hypermotility in indomethacin-treated rats.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1769433&dopt=Abstract
Br J Urol. 1997 Sep;80(3):476-9.
Effect of allopurinol on lipid peroxidation induced in corporeal tissue by veno-occlusive priapism in a rat model.
Evliyaoglu Y, Kayrin L, Kaya B.
Department of Urology, Adana Numune Hospital, Turkey.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of allopurinol in the attenuation of ischaemia- and reperfusion-induced corporeal injury in a rat model of veno-occlusive priapism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Placebo or allopurinol were given to eight groups of rats before priapism (ischaemia) was induced using a vacuum-constriction device for a duration of 6 or 12 h. Half of the groups of rats undergoing the same duration of priapism had 1 h of detumescence after the constriction band was removed (reperfusion). A ninth group was not treated and received no drug, serving as controls. Corporeal homogenates were then examined for malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, derived from lipid peroxidation, using a thiobarbituric acid assay. RESULTS: The accumulation of MDA was significantly higher in the groups treated with placebo and undergoing ischaemia/reperfusion compared with the control group (P < 0.001), but was not significantly different between the placebo-treated ischaemic and reperfused groups (P > 0.05). Rats undergoing 6 and 12 h of ischaemia and reperfusion, and receiving allopurinol had significantly less accumulation of MDA compared with those receiving placebo (P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Lipid peroxidation, an indicator of injury induced by reactive oxygen metabolites, occurred in corporeal tissue during and after veno-occlusive priapism in this rat model; when assessed by lipid peroxidation, allopurinol appeared to protect rat corporeal tissue against this injury.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9313672&dopt=Abstract
Am J Surg. 1975 May;129(5):513-7.
Protection of the ischemic liver by donor pretreatment before transplantation.
Toledo-Pereyra LH, Simmons RL, Najarian JS.
Canine livers ischemically damaged for thirty minutes prior to auxiliary transplantation did not survive for long periods of time unless a combination of isoproterenol, allopurinol, and heparin was administered intravenously to the donor animal before the ischemic damage. These drugs had no protective effect when given individually. Ischemic livers treated with adenosine prior to transplantation also showed no improved recovery of function.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1093421&dopt=Abstract
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