Drugs online research references
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1992 Aug;42(4):899-901.
Anticonvulsant effect of allopurinol on hippocampal-kindled seizures.
Wada Y, Hasegawa H, Nakamura M, Yamaguchi N.
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Japan.
This study assessed the anticonvulsant effect of allopurinol (5 and 50 mg/kg, IP) on seizures kindled from the feline hippocampus. Allopurinol at a higher dose significantly reduced the behavioral seizures stage, but not afterdischarge duration, without producing any behavioral toxicity. The present results lend experimental support to the contention that allopurinol possesses anticonvulsant efficacy in the treatment of human epilepsy.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1513873&dopt=Abstract
Am J Physiol. 1995 Jun;268(6 Pt 1):G988-96.
Liver ischemia-reperfusion increases pulmonary permeability in rat: role of circulating xanthine oxidase.
Weinbroum A, Nielsen VG, Tan S, Gelman S, Matalon S, Skinner KA, Bradley E Jr, Parks DA.
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35233, USA.
Reactive oxygen species play an important role in pathogenesis of a variety of pathological processes, e.g., ischemia-reperfusion, acute viral infections, thermal injury, hepatic diseases, and acute lung injury. Xanthine oxidase (XO) may be a significant source of these cytotoxic oxygen species. We tested the hypothesis that hepatic ischemia-reperfusion releases xanthine dehydrogenase + XO (XDH + XO) into the circulation and that circulating XO damages isolated perfused lung. Isolated liver + lung preparation was perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer to minimize confounding effects of circulating neutrophils. In one group, livers were rendered globally ischemic for 2 h and then reperfused (I/R). In another group, livers were pretreated with allopurinol and perfused with buffer containing additional allopurinol (I/R + Allo). After 2 h of ischemia, an isolated lung was connected to liver, and liver + lung preparation was reperfused in series for 15 min. Liver reperfusion was terminated, and lung was recirculated with liver effluent for 45 min. Capillary filtration coefficient (ml.min-1.cmH2O-1.100 g lung dry wt-1) was 2.0 +/- 0.3 and 1.9 +/- 0.4 in control and I/R + Allo lungs, respectively, and 9.0 +/- 1.2 in I/R lungs (P < 0.001). Lung wet-to-dry weight ratio in control and I/R + Allo lungs was 8.6 +/- 0.3 and 9.1 +/- 0.5, respectively, and 14.9 +/- 1.1 in I/R lungs (P < 0.01). Control and I/R + Allo bronchoalveolar lavage protein content was < 1.0 mg/ml compared with 32.6 +/- 8.4 mg/ml in I/R group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7611420&dopt=Abstract
J Appl Bacteriol. 1994 Dec;77(6):666-73.
Oxygen tolerance estimates in Campylobacter species depend on the testing medium.
Hodge JP, Krieg NR.
Department of Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg.
Oxygen tolerance of the microaerophile Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni varied with different brands of complex media which were used for plating the dilute cell suspensions. The tryptone component was one factor. With some tryptones growth occurred at 21% oxygen whereas with others there was no growth at oxygen levels of 15% or higher. A chemically-defined, agar-solidified plating medium was used to estimate the oxygen tolerance of Camp. jejuni subsp. jejuni, Camp. coli and Camp. fetus subsp. fetus, and also to assess the effect of added scavengers of reactive oxygen intermediates on the oxygen tolerance. Some scavengers such as allopurinol, azelaic acid, caffeine, cimetidine, TEMPOL and pyruvate enhanced oxygen tolerance markedly whereas others such as carnosine, dimethyl thiourea, spermidine and superoxide dismutase had little effect.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7822225&dopt=Abstract
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