Drugs online research references
Acta Microbiol Pol. 2002;51(1):79-83.
Evaluation of antiviral activity of different origin compounds by flow cytometry.
Siennicka J, Trzcinska A, Kantoch M.
Department of Virology, National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Chocimska, Poland.
Against many viral diseases caused for example by HSV, EBV, CMV, HIV, RSV, HCV for which vaccines are not available, chemiotherapeutics seem to have the principal significance. High progress in development of new antiviral compounds is observed. In addition to synthetic compounds a large number of naturally occurring substances have been shown to posses antiviral activity. One of such substance is tannic acid. In this study comparison of antiviral activity of tannic acid, acyclovir (ACV) and ganciclovir (GCV) against cytomegalovirus (CMV) is presented. The MRC5 cells infected with CMV and treated with different compounds were analyzed by flow cytometry and cythopatic effect inhibition test for inhibition of virus replication and by MTT assay for cytotoxity. It has been shown that tannic acid has antiviral activity against cytomegalovirus and that expression of virus antigens measured as median fluorescence intensity (MFI) by flow cytometry can be used for evaluation of virus replication.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12184452&dopt=Abstract
Pediatr Nephrol. 2002 Aug;17(8):633-7. Epub 2002 May 17.
Combination of ceftriaxone and acyclovir - an underestimated nephrotoxic potential?
Vomiero G, Carpenter B, Robb I, Filler G.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L1, Canada.
Management of meningo-encephalitis often involves the need for antibiotic and antiviral treatment. We report a retrospective analysis over a 6-month period of 17 patients (age range 1-14 years) who were treated with combination therapy of ceftriaxone and acyclovir. Mean acyclovir and ceftriaxone doses were 1,222+/-304 and 2,315+/-509 mg/m(2) per day, respectively. Three patients developed acute renal failure with a peak creatinine of up to 865% above baseline, occurring 2-3 days after starting combination therapy. Patients revealed a tubular proteinuria pattern. Renal biopsy of 1 patient showed a tubulotoxic picture but no evidence of crystals. In 12 of 17 patients (70%) there was a significant increase in serum creatinine. This was significantly greater than literature reports of 16% with acyclovir monotherapy. The degree of renal impairment in our patients correlated significantly with the acyclovir dose, while no correlation was found with the ceftriaxone dose. We conclude that the addition of a second nephrotoxic drug aggravated the extent of renal injury in our patients. The mechanism is tubulotoxicity. Caution should be exercised when using this potentially nephrotoxic cocktail, with clear criteria established for the initiation of combination therapy and close monitoring of serum creatinine.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12185472&dopt=Abstract
Protein Sci. 2002 Sep;11(9):2267-72.
Characterization of herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase mutants engineered for improved ganciclovir or acyclovir activity.
Kokoris MS, Black ME.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6534, USA.
Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) thymidine kinase (TK) is currently the most widely used suicide agent for gene therapy of cancer. Tumor cells that express HSV-1 thymidine kinase are rendered sensitive to prodrugs due to preferential phosphorylation by this enzyme. Although ganciclovir (GCV) is the prodrug of choice for use with TK, this approach is limited in part by the toxicity of this prodrug. From a random mutagenesis library, seven thymidine kinase variants containing multiple amino acid substitutions were identified on the basis of activity towards ganciclovir and acyclovir based on negative selection in Escherichia coli. Using a novel affinity chromatography column, three mutant enzymes and the wild-type TK were purified to homogeneity and their kinetic parameters for thymidine, ganciclovir, and acyclovir determined. With ganciclovir as the substrate, one mutant (mutant SR39) demonstrated a 14-fold decrease in K(m) compared to the wild-type enzyme. The most dramatic change is displayed by mutant SR26, with a 124-fold decrease in K(m) with acyclovir as the substrate. Such new "prodrug kinases" could provide benefit to ablative gene therapy by now making it feasible to use the relatively nontoxic acyclovir at nanomolar concentrations or ganciclovir at lower, less immunosuppressive doses.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12192082&dopt=Abstract
online pharmacies ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Tramadol ||
Antibiotics and prescription medications online literature ||
Antibiotics