Drugs online research references
Virology. 1999 Sep 15;262(1):230-6.
Treatment of HSV-1 infection with immunoglobulin or acyclovir: comparison of their effects on viral spread, latency, and reactivation.
LeBlanc RA, Pesnicak L, Godleski M, Straus SE.
Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1888, USA.
We compared immunoglobulin (IgG) and acyclovir (ACV) therapies on the establishment, maintenance, and reactivation from latency of HSV-1(McKrae) in a mouse ocular infection model. Mice were given one intraperitoneal (IP) dose of human IgG 24 h after infection (Day 1 p. i.) or ACV in the drinking water from Days 1 to 7 p.i. Both treatments allowed similar percentages of mice to survive the infection and decreased ocular virus shedding as compared with untreated controls. At most time points, there were no differences between IgG- and ACV-treated animals with respect to tissue virus titers or in the rates of virus reactivation during explant cocultivation. However, after ultraviolet exposure, HSV reactivated in 30% of ACV-treated mice compared with 90% of IgG-treated mice (P = 0.02). Also by quantitative PCR, we found more latent HSV-1 DNA copies in IgG-treated mice compared with those given ACV (P = 0.02). IgG treatment protects mice from HSV-1 infection essentially as well as ACV does. Nonetheless, it permits higher levels of latent infection and subsequent in vivo reactivation. These studies have implications for the mechanism by which IgG functions to attenuate HSV infections and for its potential value as a therapeutic agent in humans.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10489356&dopt=Abstract
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1999 Nov;44(5):705-8.
Cytopathic effect inhibition assay for determining the in-vitro susceptibility of herpes simplex virus to antiviral agents.
Cotarelo M, Catalan P, Sanchez-Carrillo C, Menasalvas A, Cercenado E, Tenorio A, Bouza E.
Servicio de Microbiologia Clinica y Enfermedades Infecciosas-VIH, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Maranon', Madrid, Spain.
We compare a rapid dilution method for the determination of antiviral susceptibility of herpes simplex virus (HSV) with the plaque reduction assay. A total of 84 HSV clinical isolates were studied by both methods to detect in-vitro resistance to acyclovir and foscarnet. The rapid method showed for the detection of HSV isolates resistant to acyclovir and foscarnet, a sensitivity of 96. 8% and 100% and specificity of 100% and 100%, respectively. This method provides an easy and accurate screening procedure for the susceptibility testing of HSV to antiviral agents.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10552991&dopt=Abstract
New Microbiol. 1999 Oct;22(4):309-14.
Acyclovir treatment prevents varicella-zoster virus replication in PBMC during viremia.
Wolff MH, Schunemann S.
Institute of Microbiology and Virology, University of Witten/Herdecke, Germany.
The most effective antiviral therapy of varicella and zoster has become acyclovir. Using polymerase chain reaction specific for VZV ORF 14, ORF 29, ORF 63 as well as nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (ORF 63, ORF 68) we tested PBMC of patients with VZV-associated diseases for the presence of viral DNA and RNA, respectively. In PBMC of patients treated with acyclovir neither DNA nor RNA was detectable already one day after the onset of therapy. In three blood sample pairs from zoster patients we were able to detect viral nucleic acid before but not after acyclovir treatment. These results confirm clinical and epidemiological data. It can be concluded that treatment with acyclovir prevents VZV replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10555200&dopt=Abstract
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