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Interferon research abs 1 || Hemoglobin research abs || Stem cell research abs || Nucleic acid research abs || Herpes research abs || Bronchitis research abs || Schizophrenia research abs || Tuberculosis research abs || Pneumonia research abs || Constipation research abs || Laxative research abs || hair research abs || hair related research references






Development. 1999 May;126(10):2063-71.
Prospero distinguishes sibling cell fate without asymmetric localization in the Drosophila adult external sense organ lineage.

Manning L, Doe CQ.

Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cell and Structural Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

The adult external sense organ precursor (SOP) lineage is a model system for studying asymmetric cell division. Adult SOPs divide asymmetrically to produce IIa and IIb daughter cells; IIa generates the external socket (tormogen) and hair (trichogen) cells, while IIb generates the internal neuron and sheath (thecogen) cells. Here we investigate the expression and function of prospero in the adult SOP lineage. Although Prospero is asymmetrically localized in embryonic SOP lineage, this is not observed in the adult SOP lineage: Prospero is first detected in the IIb nucleus and, during IIb division, it is cytoplasmic and inherited by both neuron and sheath cells. Subsequently, Prospero is downregulated in the neuron but maintained in the sheath cell. Loss of prospero function leads to 'double bristle' sense organs (reflecting a IIb-to-IIa transformation) or 'single bristle' sense organs with abnormal neuronal differentiation (reflecting defective IIb development). Conversely, ectopic prospero expression results in duplicate neurons and sheath cells and a complete absence of hair/socket cells (reflecting a IIa-to-IIb transformation). We conclude that (1) despite the absence of asymmetric protein localization, prospero expression is restricted to the IIb cell but not its IIa sibling, (2) prospero promotes IIb cell fate and inhibits IIa cell fate, and (3) prospero is required for proper axon and dendrite morphology of the neuron derived from the IIb cell. Thus, prospero plays a fundamental role in establishing binary IIa/IIb sibling cell fates without being asymmetrically localized during SOP division. Finally, in contrast to previous studies, we find that the IIb cell divides prior to the IIa cell in the SOP lineage.


online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10207132&dopt=Abstract



J Feline Med Surg. 2003 Aug;5(4):241-4.
Central hemimaxillectomy and reconstruction using a superficial temporal artery axial pattern flap in a domestic short hair cat.

Lester S, Pratschke K.

Hospital for Small Animals, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Easter Bush, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK. slested.ac.uk

A 2-year-old, neutered male domestic short hair cat presented with a large mass involving the right upper lip and underlying gingiva. A previous attempt at mass excision had failed, and the histopathological diagnosis was reported to be a fibrosarcoma. The cat was otherwise in good health.A central hemimaxillectomy was performed with extensive soft-tissue dissection and maxillofacial reconstruction achieved using an axial pattern flap based on the superficial temporal artery. This is the first reported clinical case of the use of the superficial temporal artery axial pattern flap in the cat. Histopathology identified a periodontal fibromatous epulis.


online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12878152&dopt=Abstract



J Wildl Dis. 2002 Jul;38(3):483-99.
Epizootiology of Eustrongylides ignotus in Florida: distribution, density, and natural infections in intermediate hosts.

Coyner DF, Spalding MG, Forrester DJ.

Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.

A total of 63,451 fish, representing 39 species, was collected from 176 foraging sites used by ciconiiform wading birds in peninsular Florida (USA) and examined for larvae of Eustrongylides ignotus. Infected fish were identified from 30 (17%) of the sites, all of which had been altered by human disturbance such as removal of sediment to construct ditches and dikes, improve water flow, or increase storage capacity and had a history of receiving anthropogenic nutrients such as sewage effluent, urban runoff, or agricultural runoff. The mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) and several species of sunfish (Centrarchidae) were the most important intermediate hosts. Infected fish were not collected at any of the unaltered sites. A total of 10,508 oligochaetes (representing 36 species) was identified from 22 sites that had fish infected with E. ignotus and 36 sites where no infected fish were collected. None of the oligochaetes was infected with larvae of E. ignotus. Immature tubificids without hair setae (probably Limnodrilus sp.), Dero digitata, and L. hoffmeisteri were the most abundant oligochaetes at sites where infected fish occurred, making up 78% of the total collected. Compared to unaltered sites, altered sites were characterized by higher mean densities of fish and oligochaetes; surface waters with decreased dissolved oxygen and increased total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll-a; sediments with higher soil oxygen demand and total phosphorus; larger grain sizes; and higher percentage emergent vegetation and grasses.


online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12238365&dopt=Abstract



Hear Res. 2002 Aug;170(1-2):139-54.
Time course and quantification of changes in cochlear integrity observed in commercially raised broiler chickens.

Smittkamp SE, Colgan AL, Park DL, Girod DA, Durham D.

Department of Hearing and Speech, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160-7380, USA

Extensive cochlear hair cell damage and loss occurs in aged broiler chickens. We describe the time course and several characteristics of this decline in cochlear integrity in 19-, 30-, 38- and 66-week-old commercially raised broiler chickens. The 19-week-old group is normal and serves as a baseline for comparison. Generally, cochlear damage increases in severity and percent length of the cochlea with age. Hair cell density increases from the base to the apex. Density is similar across the groups in regions of the cochlea that sustained little or no damage, and decreases in regions of extreme damage. Counts of normal and abnormal hair cells are inversely related. A subset of 66-week-old birds has higher density measurements and increased hair cell counts in the apical region of the cochlea. The progressive damage found in these commercially raised birds is described in the context of both the effects of age and noise exposure on the auditory system. Two additional groups of birds were raised at the University of Kansas Medical Center in a quieter environment to determine the cause of the damage seen in age-matched commercially raised birds. These cochleae are largely normal; a small number displayed damage. This suggests that noise exposure exacerbates naturally occurring cochlear degradation.


online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12208548&dopt=Abstract








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