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hair related research references
ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2001 Jan-Feb;63(1):12-8.
Succinic dehydrogenase histochemistry as an early marker for hair cell pathology.
Fredelius L, Viberg A, Canlon B.
ENT Department, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden.
Density measurements of succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) activity were obtained from the inner and outer hair cells on surface preparations obtained from the guinea pig cochlea. Guinea pigs were exposed to noise (3.85 kHz, 120 dB SPL, 22.5 min) and sacrificed 0, 4 or 24 h after the exposure. By 4 h after exposure, the first- and second-row outer hair cells already demonstrated an altered SDH activity. By 24 h after exposure, a significant decrease in SDH staining in both the inner and outer hair cells at a distance of 10-12 mm from the cochlear apex was demonstrated. After a 1-month recovery period, scanning electron microscopy confirmed the main lesion site to be at a distance of 10-12 mm. In addition, Hensen's cells (supporting cells) at a distance of 10-12 mm from the apex were intensely stained by SDH after noise exposure, indicating an increase in oxidative metabolism. SDH staining in the Hensen's cells from the unexposed cochleae was not found. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the early use of SDH histochemistry can predict later permanent damage to the organ of Corti. 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11174057&dopt=Abstract
Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2002 Jul;18(7):355-8.
Kallmann syndrome--a case report.
Li CC, Chao MC, Huang SP, Chou YH, Huang CH, Chen AH, Wu YP.
Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
Kallmann syndrome is a very rare hereditary disease. It is characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in association with anosmia ot hyposmia, both of which occur as a result of the failure of neuronal migration of the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH)--secreting neurons and the neurons of the vemeronasal nerve. It can be autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked mode of inheritance. We report a case of Kallmann syndrome that presented with delay puberty, color blindness, gynecomastia, and absence of smell. Plasma levels of LH, FSH and testosterone were very low. The patient's adrenal and thyroid hormone levels were normal. Chromosome analysis showed 46, XY karyotype without deletion in KAL gene (Xp22.3) from FISH. After 9 months of treatment by HCG and HMG, the amount of pubic hair and the volume of bilateral testes, as well as the level of testosterone had increased. Most importantly, motile sperm count be found in semen.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12380326&dopt=Abstract
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of beta-actin and beta-actin mRNA expression during hair cell regeneration in the chick basilar papilla(BP) following gentamicin ototoxicity. METHODS: Thirty-six chicks were given muscular injection of gentamicin at dosage of 100 mg/kg.d for 10 consecutive days, and twelve additional chicks received injection of normal saline instead of gentamicin as controls. At 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the treatment, six chicks in experimental group and two chicks in control group were sacrificed. Basilar papillas were prepared for immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization study. beta-actin and beta-actin mRNA expression in the damaged region were histologically analyzed by computer image system. RESULTS: beta-actin immunoreactivity of BP changed significantly after treatment with gentamicin. From the first day to the fourteenth day after gentamincin, beta-actin immunoreactivity turned positive gradually. It approximated the normal response level at the fourteenth day after treatment of gentamincin. Then increasing rate of beta-actin immunoreactivity positive response level slowed from the fourteenth day after the treatment. At seventh day after treatment, beta-actin mRNA expression in BP increased to peak value, which preceded the peak expression of beta-actin in the regenerated hair cells. CONCLUSION: Nascent hair cells seem to mature 14 days after hair cell damage, which may play a role in auditory functional recovery.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12761920&dopt=Abstract [PubMed - in process]
Phys Med Biol. 1999 Apr;44(4):1003-23.
Contact cooling of the skin.
Altshuler GB, Zenzie HH, Erofeev AV, Smirnov MZ, Anderson RR, Dierickx C.
Palomar Medical Products, Inc., Lexington, MA 02173, USA.
Skin precooling can be used to reduce epidermal thermal damage in laser procedures (such as hair removal) where the target structures are located up to several millimetres below the skin surface. We have developed and experimentally verified a computational model that describes contact precooling of a multilayered skin structure prior to laser irradiation. The skin surface is assumed to be brought into thermal contact with a cold plate made of material with a high thermal conductivity. The approximate analytical solution for the skin temperature is obtained by considering the plate as a local heat sink. The time evolution of temperature (in both the skin and the plate) is simulated numerically to yield the optimal cooling parameters. To experimentally verify the numerical results of the model, we performed direct measurements of skin temperature for contact cooling with a sapphire plate held at several different temperatures in the range +10 to -30 degrees C.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10232811&dopt=Abstract
The average human scalp is covered by approximatey 100,000 hair follicles. Each hair undergoes
Loss of hair itself does not pose critical health problems because biological role of human hair is relatively marginal. Hair on our scalp protects the head from mechanical shock, heat loss, and exposure to UV-light. The eyelashes and eyebrowes protect the eyes, and hair in the ear canal or the nasal passages help filter out particles and pathogens, thus protecting our internal organs.
However, hair does play important social role: it is one of the major determinants of our appearance and identity in daily life. Fullness of hair also implicates or manifests physical integrity and youthfulness of the person. Losing hair could have more than just emotional impacts on individuals.
The hair is a unique organ that goes through a characteristic cycle consisting of an immature phase, a growing phase called anagen, a transitional phase between the growing phase and the resting phase called catagen, and finally a resting phase called telogen in which the hair stops growing, waiting to fall out. 85-90% of hairs on our body are in anagen phase or growing phase, which lasts anywhere from two to five years. This phase is followed by a short regression phase, or catagen, which lasts 2-3 weeks. Approximately 1% of hair follicles are in catagen. Approximately 10-15% of hair follicles are in the resting phase, the telogen, which lasts about 3-5 months. Hair follicles typically goes through 10-20 asynchronous cycles during the lifetime.
Persistent loss of more than 150 hairs would consist a state of hair loss, or alopecia, albeit it could be temporary.
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