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References: Hair growth and hair loss

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001 Feb;44(2):248-52.
The PUVA-turban as a new option of applying a dilute psoralen solution selectively to the scalp of patients with alopecia areata.

Behrens-Williams SC, Leiter U, Schiener R, Weidmann M, Peter RU, Kerscher M.

Department of Dermatology, University of Ulm, Germany.

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata is a burden for many patients and often resistant, even to extensive therapy. Orally administered PUVA therapy has been shown among numerous systemic and topical treatment modalities to be a therapeutic alternative. However, the clinical use of oral PUVA is often limited by systemic side effects. Bath-PUVA therapy offers an alternative solution because of the negligible systemic absorption of psoralen with this technique. Through use of a "PUVA-turban" it is now possible to administer a dilute bathwater solution containing 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) to the scalp. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether PUVA turban therapy is effective in treating alopecia areata in different clinical stages. METHODS: We treated 9 patients with severe, rapidly progressing, treatment-resistant alopecia areata with PUVA-turban treatment as a modification of bath-PUVA therapy. At each treatment session a cotton towel was soaked with a 0.0001% 8-MOP solution (1 mg/L) at 37 degrees C, wrung gently to remove excess water, and wrapped around the patient's head in a turban fashion for 20 minutes. This was directly followed by UVA radiation. Treatment sessions were initially performed 3 to 4 times per week. RESULTS: The cumulative UVA doses given over treatment periods of up to 24 weeks were 60.9 to 178.2 J/cm(2), with single doses ranging from 0.3 to 8.0 J/cm(2). After up to 10 weeks of treatment, hair regrowth could be noticed in 6 of 9 patients. Two patients did not respond to the treatment, and one patient showed only vellus hair regrowth. CONCLUSION: PUVA-turban therapy can be considered a useful method of administering a dilute psoralen solution selectively to the scalp of patients. It has been shown to be a well-tolerated and, in some patients, efficient therapeutic alternative in the treatment of alopecia areata.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11174382&dopt=Abstract

J Invest Dermatol. 1998 Nov;111(5):797-803.
Experimental induction of alopecia areata-like hair loss in C3H/HeJ mice using full-thickness skin grafts.

McElwee KJ, Boggess D, King LE Jr, Sundberg JP.

The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA.

Alopecia areata (AA)-like hair loss in C3H/HeJ mice provides an excellent model for human AA disease research. The potential to induce mouse AA in normal haired C3H/HeJ mice at an early age or serially passage the AA phenotype was investigated by exchange of full-thickness skin grafts. Skin grafts from normal male and female C3H/HeJ, or severe combined immunodeficient C3H/SmnC Prkdc(scid)/J, mice onto AA-affected C3H/HeJ mice became inflamed and lost hair (28 of 28). Successful grafts from AA-affected C3H/HeJ mice induced hair loss in histocompatible C3H/OuJ mice (four of 13) and normal C3H/HeJ mice dependent on age (four of 17 at <31 d and 15 of 15 at >70 d). The AA phenotype was serially transmitted from induced AA mice to normal C3H/HeJ mice (nine of nine). Grafts from AA-affected C3H/HeJ mice onto C3H/SmnC Prkd(scid)/J mice resulted in depigmented hair fiber regrowth and perifollicular neutrophil and eosinophil infiltrates but no hair loss (15 of 15). Sham grafting did not induce AA (none of 10). The finding that AA can be serially transferred from AA-affected C3H/HeJ mice to normal littermates and C3H/ OuJ mice, indicates that an immune response against hair follicles can be induced with suitable stimuli. Conversely, skin grafts from normal C3H/HeJ, or C3H/SmnC Prkd(scid)/J, mice rapidly lose hair due to lymphocyte, but not neutrophil and eosinophil, mediated inflammation. This AA induction method reproducibly provides large numbers of AA-affected mice to study the pathogenesis and treatment of human AA.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9804341&dopt=Abstract

Dermatology. 1998;197(3):245-7.
PUVA treatment for alopecia areata. Experience in a Turkish population.

Sahin S, Yalcin B, Karaduman A.

Department of Dermatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

BACKGROUND: PUVA has been suggested as an alternative treatment modality for resistant, diffuse alopecia areata (AA). However, there are conflicting reports on its efficacy. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of PUVA treatment of AA in a Turkish population. METHODS: Twenty-four patients (15 female and 9 male) suffering from extensive AA for more than 1 year were included in a retrospective study. PUVA was administered to the whole body 3 times a week. Only 75-100% hair regrowth was defined as cosmetically acceptable. RESULTS: Excellent hair regrowth was achieved in 37.5% of the patients. The therapeutic efficiency was not related to age and sex of the patients, duration and extent of the disease (p <0. 05). CONCLUSION: PUVA can be an alternative therapy for patients with extensive AA independently of the duration of disease.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9812029&dopt=Abstract

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