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References: Hair growth and hair loss








Br J Dermatol. 1997 Oct;137(4):491-7.
Topical FK506: a potent immunotherapy for alopecia areata? Studies using the Dundee experimental bald rat model.

McElwee KJ, Rushton DH, Trachy R, Oliver RF.

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Dundee, U.K.

We elected to examine the efficacy of the topically applied immunosuppressive agent FK506 (Prograf) in the treatment of alopecia areata (AA) using the Dundee experimental bald rat (DEBR) model. Thirty lesional DEBR rats were allocated to five groups of six. Group 1 rats received 0.1 mL of a 0.25% solution of FK506 within a 2 x 2 cm marked area on one bald flank twice a week (125 micrograms FK506/cm2 per week) for 8 weeks, while the contralateral flank was left untreated. In group II, 0.05 mL of a 0.1% solution of FK 506 was applied 5 days per week on one flank (62.5 micrograms FK506/ cm2 per week) and control vehicle to the opposite flank for 8 weeks. Group III rats were treated as in group II except that drug and vehicle were applied twice a week (25 micrograms FK506/cm2 per week) for 4 weeks. A positive control group received orally administered cyclosporin A (CsA) (10 mg/kg daily) for 8 weeks and a further group was left untreated. Rats were regularly examined and photographed with skin biopsies taken from groups II and III. All FK 506-treated rats regrew hair at the site of drug application within 14-21 days. Growth continued for 3 weeks beyond termination of treatment after which gradual hair loss was observed. No hair growth was seen as a result of vehicle application and hair loss continued on untreated areas and in the untreated control group. Immunohistology revealed a drastic reduction in the follicular inflammatory infiltrate at the site of the FK506 application. The oral CsA group responded by simultaneous regrowth of hair over the whole body. Our findings suggest that FK506 may have considerable potential as a topical treatment for AA.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9390322&dopt=Abstract




J Trauma. 1997 Nov;43(5):804-11; discussion 812.
Optimized mesh expansion of composite skin grafts in rats treated with direct current.

Chu CS, Matylevich NP, McManus AT, Pruitt BA Jr, Goodwin CW.

U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas 78234-6315, USA.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum autoepidermal and allodermal expansion ratio of each component of a meshed composite skin graft (MCSG) that would lead to successful healing. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used as hosts of the MCSG and donors of autologous tissue. Male ACI rats were used as donors of allodermis. MCSGs with open meshed area (autoepidermal/allodermal) of 9:1/1.5:1, 9:1/3:1, 9:1/6:1, or 6:1/6:1 were applied to full-thickness skin defects and treated with a silver nylon dressing (SN) or SN with direct current (DC). Wound size, hair regrowth, and thickness of dermal layer were evaluated at 3 months. RESULTS: MCSGs of 9:1/1.5:1, 9:1/3:1, and 6:1/6:1 mesh ratios healed completely within 3 months with no difference in wound size between SN dressing groups or DC-treated groups. Application of DC reduced MCSG contraction and stimulated regrowth of hair. CONCLUSION: Fresh autoepidermis can be expanded 6:1 on a 6:1 allodermis or 9:1 on a 3:1 allodermis and achieve successful wound healing.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9390493&dopt=Abstract

cesmtp.ccf.org

Twenty-one-day-old BALB/c mice were shaved on the back to synchronize hair growth. On day 30 or 31, when at least 90% of mice exhibited hair regrowth in the shaved area, 1,25(OH)2D3 was applied topically to the shaved area daily for 5 days. On the 6th day, cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan, CTX) was injected i.p. to induce hair loss in the shaved area. Alopecia was induced in a dose-dependent manner by CTX treatment within 1 to 2 weeks. This effect was reduced significantly if mice were pre-treated with 1,25(OH)2D3, though only slight protection was observed in female mice. Interestingly, this 1,25(OH)2D3-mediated protection against hair loss was attenuated in male mice but became more significant in female mice when they were inoculated with the EMT-6 murine mammary tumor prior to treatment. More importantly, topical treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 alone was able to inhibit EMT-6 tumor growth in both male and female BALB/c mice. Furthermore, 1,25(OH)2D3 pre-treatment also augmented the anti-tumor effect of CTX. Our results demonstrate that topical application of 1,25(OH)2D3 can protect against CTX-induced alopecia both in tumor-free and in tumor-bearing mice in a sex-dependent manner. Moreover, 1,25(OH)2D3 was shown, either alone or in combination with CTX, to inhibit tumor growth.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9462723&dopt=Abstract





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