References: Hair growth and hair loss
Arch Dermatol Res. 1980;267(1):109-14.
Antigenic competition as a therapeutic concept for alopecia areata.
Happle R.
Alopecia areata can be treated effectively by topical application of potent contact allergens. To explain the response, the following hypothesis is presented. Alopecia areata is considered an autoimmune disease. The characteristic peribulbar round cell infiltrates probably reflect a cell-mediated immune reaction to some hair-associated antigen. With the elicitation of contact allergy, a second antigen is introduced at the same site. The infiltrates of the allergic contact dermatitis contain suppressor T cells and suppressor macrophages which, in terms of local immunoregulation, exert a nonspecific inhibitory effect on the immune response against hair follicles. Regrowth of hair would be due to a change in the local balance between helper and suppressor cells. In conclusion, the phenomenon of antigenic competition is proposed as a therapeutic concept.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6446265&dopt=Abstract
Aust Vet J. 1984 Jul;61(7):231-5.
Experimental medication of equine ringworm due to Trichophyton equinum var. autotrophicum.
Pascoe RR.
Twelve medicaments were tested for their efficacy in the treatment of Trichophyton equinum var. autotrophicum; povidone iodine, thiabendazole ointment, captan ointment and Burroughs Wellcome Ringworm Ointment gave satisfactory results but their usefulness may be limited for treatment of large numbers of horses. Aqueous washes containing 0.5% hexetidine or 0.3% chloramine-T did not prevent fungi being isolated from lesions for up to 7 days after treatment. Similarly neither etisazole nor thiabendazole suspension prevented fungi from being isolated from lesions for up to 15 days after treatment. Commonly used aqueous solution of 2.5% lime sulphur and 2% captan were least successful, as fungi could still be isolated from lesions for up to 30 days after treatment. The need to treat large numbers of horses may dictate the use of such solutions rather than ointments because of ease of application and cost factors. Treatments consisting of 10% nystatin ointment, 10% iodine fortis, 10% Medol and a proprietary ointment, Queensland Itch Dressing, were not satisfactory. Clinical appraisal and a scratch test must be used together to evaluate progress of treatment. Mass medication of large numbers of horses should be primarily aimed at reduction of spread of infection; normal hair growth should not be used as an indication of the removal of infective agents in the hair as regrowth was altered very little by medication. Hence assessments of cure on the basis of regrowth of hair alone are of dubious value.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6497809&dopt=Abstract
Blood. 1983 Feb;61(2):297-303.
Efficacy and morbidity of central nervous system "prophylaxis" in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: eight years' experience with cranial irradiation and intrathecal methotrexate.
Inati A, Sallan SE, Cassady JR, Hitchcock-Bryan S, Clavell LA, Belli JA, Sollee N.
Between 1972 and 1979, 214 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and no evidence of central nervous system (CNS) disease prior to CNS prophylaxis were treated with 2400 rad cranial irradiation and concurrent intrathecal methotrexate. Only nine children developed CNS leukemia; five of them in the CNS only and four concurrently in the CNS and another site. Major acute effects of CNS prophylaxis were seizures in seven patients (3%). Sixty-nine children who had a minimum follow-up of 4 yr were evaluable for late effects of therapy. Small cataracts, incomplete regrowth of hair, and learning disabilities were noted. The latter occurred in 18% of patients, an incidence similar to that encountered in a normal community of school-age children. However, the incidence of learning disabilities in patients who were under 5 yr of age at the time of diagnosis was much higher, 35%. We conclude that the combination of cranial irradiation and intrathecal methotrexate was highly efficacious. The incidence and severity of neuropsychologic abnormalities, the principal late morbidity of this treatment program, varies among reporting institutions. Prospective longitudinal studies of neuropsychologic function are necessary to better define the incidence of abnormalities. Future programs should attempt to decrease late morbidity, but must also assure equal efficacy and improve overall disease-free survival.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6571787&dopt=Abstract
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