References: Hair growth and hair loss
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1984 Aug;11(2 Pt 1):224-30.
An open-label trial of immunomodulation therapy with inosiplex (Isoprinosine) in patients with alopecia totalis and cell-mediated immunodeficiency.
Galbraith GM, Thiers BH, Fudenberg HH.
Nine patients with alopecia totalis and associated defects in T lymphocyte function were admitted to an open-label trial of inosiplex therapy. All nine developed enhanced T cell function and seven had clinically significant hair regrowth. The immunologic response to inosiplex was dose-dependent in five patients. These data provide new information on the in vivo effects of inosiplex on the human immune system and support the hypothesis that disturbances of immunologic mechanisms may play a pathogenetic role in alopecia totalis in certain patients.
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Arch Dermatol. 1984 Feb;120(2):188-94.
Suppressor cell number and function in alopecia areata.
Hordinsky MK, Hallgren H, Nelson D, Filipovich AH.
Several values of immunologic function were studied and correlated with disease activity and extent in 14 patients with alopecia areata, alopecia totalis, or alopecia universalis and in a concurrently studied age- and sex-matched control group. As compared with the control group, the patients showed a significantly increased incidence of autoantibody formation, increased concanavalin A-induced suppression of the normal lymphocyte response to mitogens, an increased proportion of suppressor-cytotoxic cells in the peripheral blood, and a decrease in the absolute B-cell count. Absolute total T-cell counts, quantitative serum immunoglobulin determinations, and lymphocyte proliferation after exposure to the mitogens--concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin, and pokeweed--and to tetanus antigen were comparable for both groups. Neither the percentage of concanavalin A-induced suppression of the normal lymphocyte response to mitogens nor the helper-suppressor ratio correlated significantly with the extent of hair loss. However, patients, particularly those who demonstrated spontaneous regrowth of hair, had increased concanavalin A-induced suppression in conjunction with an increase in the proportion of peripheral suppressor cells.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6230058&dopt=Abstract
J Anim Sci. 2000 Jun;78(6):1551-5.
Effects of mimosine on fiber shedding, follicle activity, and fiber regrowth in Spanish goats.
Luo J, Litherland AJ, Sahlu T, Puchala R, Lachica M, Goetsch AL.
E (Kika) de la Garza Institute for Goat Research, Langston University, OK 73050, USA.
Ten 2-yr-old Spanish wethers (58.2 +/- 7.21 kg BW) were used to determine effects of 2-d intravenous infusion of mimosine (beginning on January 8) on fiber shedding, follicle activity, and fiber regrowth. Primary and secondary follicle activity on d 0 were 43 +/- 6.2% and 96 +/- 1.7%, respectively. Five wethers were infused with mimosine at 120 mg/(kg BW x d) and the other five received saline. At 7 to 10 d after the start of infusion, all five goats infused with mimosine exhibited shedding, whereas shedding by controls was not observed. Cashmere fiber shedding score (5-point scale: 1 = no shedding, 5 = excessive shedding) on d 4 was greater for mimosine goats than for controls (1.2 vs 2.0; P < .001), and shedding score for wethers receiving mimosine was greater (P < .05) on d 12, 16, and 20 than on d 0 and 4 (4.1 to 4.6 vs 1.4 and 2.0). Guard hair shedding score for goats receiving mimosine was greatest (P < .01) among the days after infusion for d 12 and greater (P < .01) on d 16 than on d 0 and 4. Nonetheless, cashmere fiber yield from combed fleece of mimosine goats (average of 73%) was much greater than for a clipping of the uncombed side (average of 28%) when the cashmere fiber shedding score exceeded 4.0. Secondary follicle activity on d 12 was lower (P < .01) for mimosine than for control wethers (6.8 vs 67.7%), and secondary follicle activity for mimosine-infused goats on d 12 was lower (P < .01) than on d 0 (98.9%), 4 (98.3%), and 20 (99.5%). Mimosine infusion resulted in no detectable fiber regrowth in wk 4 to 7 after the start of infusion, but regrowth rate in the following two 4-wk periods was similar for mimosine and control wethers. In conclusion, 2-d intravenous infusion of mimosine at 120 mg/(kg BW x d) in the winter induced cashmere shedding but had less effect on guard hairs, suggesting future potential use of chemicals such as mimosine to remove cashmere fiber.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10875638&dopt=Abstract
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