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References: Hair growth and hair loss







Microsc Res Tech. 1997 Aug 15;38(4):443-51.
Morphological analysis of hair follicles in alopecia areata.

Tobin DJ.

Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bradford, England.

This study characterizes hair follicles from early alopecia areata lesions at both the light and electron microscopic levels and describes how affected hair follicles differ from normal hair growth. The study focuses on acute and active lesions where hair follicles show greatest divergence from the normal growth pattern and are most likely to display features of primary pathology. Morphologic analysis revealed regressive changes in the hair bulbs of anagen hair follicles in alopecia areata. While tissue injury did not appear to be cell type specific, pre-cortical keratinocytes and hair bulb melanocytes were primarily affected. Three distinct patterns of cell degeneration, of variable frequency, are described including "dark cell" transformation, apoptosis, and necrosis. Abnormal melanogenesis was a common finding in this study, which may explain some of the associated pigmentary anomalies seen clinically in acute alopecia areata. Tissue damage, which was not always associated with a mononuclear cell infiltrate, may explain the premature involution of suboptimal anagen hair follicles into an early resting phase in alopecia areata. Finally, scanning electron microscopic, light microscopic, and transmission electron microscopic studies describe defective cortex differentiation in characteristic "exclamation-mark" hair shafts. These hairs may result from a transient phase of cell degeneration among pre-cortical keratinocytes.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9297694&dopt=Abstract




J Invest Dermatol. 1998 Jul;111(1):107-13.
Hair growth cycle affects hair follicle destruction by ruby laser pulses.

Lin TY, Manuskiatti W, Dierickx CC, Farinelli WA, Fisher ME, Flotte T, Baden HP, Anderson RR.

Wellman Laboratories of Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114, USA.

It has been shown that normal mode ruby laser pulses (694 nm) are effective in selectively destroying brown or black pigmented hair follicles in adult Caucasians. This study investigated how the various stages of the hair follicle growth cycle influence follicle destruction by ruby laser treatment, using a model of predictable synchronous hair growth cycles in the infantile and adolescent mice. A range of ruby laser pulse fluences was delivered during different stages of the hair growth cycle, followed by histologic and gross observations of the injury and regrowth of hair. Actively growing and pigmented anagen stage hair follicles were sensitive to hair removal by normal mode ruby laser exposure, whereas catagen and telogen stage hair follicles were resistant to laser irradiation. Selective thermal injury to follicles was observed histologically, and hair regrowth was fluence dependent. In animals exposed during anagen, intermediate fluences induced nonscarring alopecia, whereas high fluences induced scarring alopecia. The findings of this study suggest treatment strategies for optimal laser hair removal.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9665395&dopt=Abstract









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