References: Hair growth and hair loss
J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1993 Jul;19(7):616-22.
Scalp extension.
Frechet P.
BACKGROUND. Surgery to correct extensive alopecia requires increasing the surface of hair-bearing scalp and removing bald scalp. Two commonly used methods, scalp expansion and scalp reduction, have disadvantages. OBJECTIVE. To describe a new method, scalp extension, that employs a thin sheet of bioplastic (an extender) stretched and attached with hooks to the galea after scalp reduction. METHODS. The surgical technique is described and the results compared with those of patients who have undergone scalp reduction and scalp expansion. A study of the first fifteen cases treated is presented. RESULTS. During the few weeks that the extender is implanted, the constant tension it exerts on the galea causes a progressive stretching of the scalp. Data from the first fifteen cases treated reveal eradication of more extensive bald areas than with scalp reduction, making it possible to cut the number of operations necessary in half while considerably shortening total treatment time. The absence of major side effects, along with the absence of any deformation of the scalp (unlike scalp expansion), explains the excellent acceptability of the instrument by patients. CONCLUSION. Scalp extension appears to be a useful adjunctive technique in hair replacement and reconstructive surgery, and has distinct advantages over standard scalp reduction and tissue expansion techniques.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8349899&dopt=Abstract
hsc.utah.edu
OBJECTIVE: To determine if the prevalence of autoimmunity among relatives of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is greater than that among relatives of healthy volunteer control subjects. METHODS: Interviews were used to obtain histories of the following disorders among living first- and second-degree relatives of 110 patients and 45 controls: alopecia areata, ankylosing spondylitis, dermatomyositis, Graves' disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, iritis, JRA, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, RA, systemic lupus erythematosus, and vitiligo. Chi-squares, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. Families of 23 JRA affected sibpairs were interviewed subsequently. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between patients and controls with regard to age, sex, ethnicity, or family size. Patients had 1,228 relatives and controls had 496 relatives. Of all the relatives of the patients, 155 had at least 1 autoimmune disorder, compared with 20 relatives of the controls (12.6% versus 4.0%; OR 3.4 [95% CI 2.1-5.7], P < 0.000001). The prevalence of autoimmunity was increased in first-degree and in second-degree relatives of patients (16.1% and 10.6%, respectively). The prevalence of Hashimoto thyroiditis was significantly higher in the relatives of patients (OR 3.5 [95% CI 1.6-7.9], P = 0.0008). The prevalences of other disorders were not significantly different. JRA affected sibpair families had an increased prevalence of autoimmunity (15.0%). A history of arthritis was found significantly more frequently in the JRA affected sibpair families, but not in the simplex families. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that the prevalence of autoimmunity is significantly higher among first- and second-degree relatives of JRA patients. This suggests that clinically different autoimmune phenotypes may share common susceptibility genes, which may act as risk factors for autoimmunity.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12124869&dopt=Abstract
Lipitor
Herbs and Pharmaceuticals Online ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Hair loss research references ||
E-Mail Us