References: Hair growth and hair loss
Radiat Res. 1993 Jul;135(1):125-8.
Factors affecting the development of skin cancer after scalp irradiation.
Modan B, Alfandary E, Shapiro D, Lusky A, Chetrit A, Shewach-Millet M, Movshovitz M.
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University Medical School, Israel.
A nested case control study of persons who developed skin cancer after scalp irradiation in childhood revealed two risk factors for the appearance of radiation-induced skin cancer: (a) an apparently higher radiation dose delivered inadvertently, manifested by a higher prevalence of alopecia and radiation dermatitis (RR = 3.4; CI 1.3-8.8); (b) a more frequent exposure to the sun, manifested by summer sunbathing (RR = 2.6; CI 1.1-6.1). These findings may have certain implications with regard to the understanding of radiation-induced cancer, after low-dose radiation exposure, in general.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8327656&dopt=Abstract
Arch Med Res. 1992 Autumn;23(3):129-33.
Osteochondral lesions in developing rats intoxicated with thallium twenty four hours after birth.
Barroso-Moguel R, Villeda-Hernandez J, Mendez-Armenta M, Rios C, Galvan-Arzate S.
Neuromorphologic Cellular Laboratory, Research Unit of the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery Dr. Manuel Velasco Suarez S.S.A., Mexico, D.F.
An i.p. injection of a solution of thallium acetate in deionized water at a dose of 32 mg/kg, in 24-h-old rats, produces morphological and biochemical alterations in both cartilaginous and osseous tissues. From the beginning, there are alterations in the cartilaginous cell as well as in chrondrine, osteoblasts, osseous tissue and bone marrow. Rats were sacrificed at 24, 48, and 72 h and also at 7 days. Two animals survived for 50 days. One showed total irreversible alopecia while the other one had partial alopecia with discrete recovery. Both showed a low weight and a size of 8 cm. Microscopically, degenerative changes were produced consisting of alteration and death of many cartilaginous cells, uneven metachromasia and the chondrine and decrease of the growth cartilage, scanty bone trabeculae with few osteoblasts. The bone marrow showed few myeloblasts and megakaryocytes. Progressive cellular damage throughout the 50 days of survival represents a response of the thallium ionic accumulation and recycling in cellular mitochondria of all the body's cells. This appeared in our study as irreversible and progressive osteochondral alterations with atrophy of the skin and its adnexa, hyalinization of elastic and collagenous fibers with intense interstitial edema.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1308802&dopt=Abstract
Arch Dermatol Res. 1995;287(3-4):279-84.
Human scalp hair follicle development from birth to adulthood: statistical study with special regard to putative stem cells in the bulge and proliferating cells in the matrix.
de Viragh PA, Meuli M.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.
The depths of hair follicle compartments, and in particular of the bulge, the putative site of hair follicle stem cells, have not yet been determined in human scalp skin from infants, children or adolescents. This information is necessary in order to use the scalp safely as a donor site for skin grafts. We therefore investigated the development of the infundibulum, the bulge, Adamson's fringe, the B-fringe and the matrix by measuring the depths of these five follicular compartments in parietal scalp biopsy specimens from 100 patients ranging in age from 2 weeks to 21 years. The thickness of the epidermis and the dermis were also assessed. The correlations of these measurements with age were determined by regression analysis. The regression equation for the bulge was found to be b (microns) = 683.3 + 30.8y (r = 0.73; SEM = 145.5) where y is the age in years, and for the matrix it was m (microns) = 1616.2 + 90.4y (r = 0.76; SEM = 406.5); P < 0.0001 for the null hypothesis. The growth of the inferior portion below the bulge was not parallel but proportional to that of the superior portion. The relative position of the bulge in the dermis was stable, whereas the inferior portion moved progressively more deeply into the subcutis. These findings provide evidence for the postulated biologically advantageous localization of the bulge, and thus is a further argument in favour of the bulge as the site of follicular stem cells.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7598533&dopt=Abstract
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