References: Hair growth and hair loss
Cell Tissue Res. 1998 Mar;291(3):525-36.
Fine structure and distribution of antennal sensilla of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae).
Ochieng SA, Hallberg E, Hansson BS.
Department of Zoology, University of Lund, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
The fine structure and distribution of various types of antennal sensilla in three nymphal stages and in adults of both solitary-reared (solitary) and crowd-reared (gregarious) phases of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Four types of sensilla were identified: sensilla basiconica, s. trichodea, s. coeloconica and s. chaetica. S. basiconica contain up to 50 sensory neurons, each of which displays massive dendritic branching. The sensillar wall is penetrated by a large number of pores. In contrast, s. trichodea contain one to three sensory neurons that branch to give five or six dendrites in the sensillar lumen; the sensillum wall is penetrated by relatively few pores. The s. coeloconica are situated in spherical cuticular pits on the antennal surface. The s. coeloconica are of two types: one type contains one to three sensory neurons with double sensillar walls penetrated by slit-like pores, whereas the second type contains four sensory neurons with non-porous double sensillar walls. The s. chaetica have a flexible socket and a thick non-porous sensillum wall and contain four sensory neurons that send unbranched dendrites to a terminal pore. A fifth sensory neuron of the s. chaetica terminates in a tubular body at the base of the hair. S. basiconica and coeloconica are normally distributed over the entire antennal flagellum, with a concentration in the middle segments; s. trichodea have three areas of concentration on the 5th, 10th and 14th flagellar segments. Sensilla chaetica are most abundant on the terminal segment. Locusts raised in solitary conditions have more olfactory sensilla (s. basiconica and s. coeloconica) than crowd-reared locusts. The difference in sensillar numbers is more evident in adults than in nymphs. These results suggest that differences in the odour-mediated behaviour of nymphs and adults, and between the phases of S. gregaria, may be attributable to differences at the sensory input level.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9477309&dopt=Abstract
sussex.ac.uk
This paper describes a model for generating the hair cell receptor potential based on a second-order Boltzmann function. The model includes only the resistive elements of the hair cell membranes with batteries across them and the series resistance of the external return path of the transducer current through the tissue of the cochlea. The model provides a qualitative description of signal processing by the hair cell transducer and shows that the nonlinearity of the hair cell transducer can give rise to nonlinear phenomena, such as intermodulation distortion products and two-tone suppression with patterns similar to those which have been recorded from the peripheral auditory system. Particular outcomes of the model are the demonstration that two-tone suppression depends not on the saturation of the receptor current, but on the behaviour of the hair cell transducer function close to the operating point. The model also shows that there is non-monotonic growth and phase change for any spectral component, but not for the fundamental of the receptor potential.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9479750&dopt=Abstract
med.niigata-u.ac.jp
In an attempt to investigate the genes expressed during the development of mouse hair follicles, we employed RNA differential display and identified a cDNA encoding micro-crystallin, that is a major component of kangaroo lens and a cytosolic NADP-regulated thyroid hormone-binding protein in human kidney. In northern blot study, mu-crystallin transcripts were detected in skin at the highest level among the mouse tissues, whereas lower but detectable in the eye, brain, kidney, heart, lung, and liver. Furthermore, in mouse skin, the gene expression of mu-crystallin followed hair cycle fundamentally, increased significantly during mid- and late anagen phases and decreased during the catagen, telogen, and early anagen phases. In situ hybridization revealed that mu-crystallin gene starts to be activated in hair cone of anagen III, and that in anagen VI, its expression is detected predominantly in the cuticle layer of the inner root sheath from the upper hair bulb to the middle portion of the keratogenous zone and in the Huxley's layer through the keratogenous zone. The expression was not detected in catagen, telogen, and early anagen hair follicles, and any other skin components. These results suggest the possible involvement of mu-crystallin in the development of mouse hair follicles during the anagen phase.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10951275&dopt=Abstract
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