References: Hair growth and hair loss
Br J Dermatol. 1997 Oct;137(4):491-7.
Topical FK506: a potent immunotherapy for alopecia areata? Studies using the Dundee experimental bald rat model.
McElwee KJ, Rushton DH, Trachy R, Oliver RF.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Dundee, U.K.
We elected to examine the efficacy of the topically applied immunosuppressive agent FK506 (Prograf) in the treatment of alopecia areata (AA) using the Dundee experimental bald rat (DEBR) model. Thirty lesional DEBR rats were allocated to five groups of six. Group 1 rats received 0.1 mL of a 0.25% solution of FK506 within a 2 x 2 cm marked area on one bald flank twice a week (125 micrograms FK506/cm2 per week) for 8 weeks, while the contralateral flank was left untreated. In group II, 0.05 mL of a 0.1% solution of FK 506 was applied 5 days per week on one flank (62.5 micrograms FK506/ cm2 per week) and control vehicle to the opposite flank for 8 weeks. Group III rats were treated as in group II except that drug and vehicle were applied twice a week (25 micrograms FK506/cm2 per week) for 4 weeks. A positive control group received orally administered cyclosporin A (CsA) (10 mg/kg daily) for 8 weeks and a further group was left untreated. Rats were regularly examined and photographed with skin biopsies taken from groups II and III. All FK 506-treated rats regrew hair at the site of drug application within 14-21 days. Growth continued for 3 weeks beyond termination of treatment after which gradual hair loss was observed. No hair growth was seen as a result of vehicle application and hair loss continued on untreated areas and in the untreated control group. Immunohistology revealed a drastic reduction in the follicular inflammatory infiltrate at the site of the FK506 application. The oral CsA group responded by simultaneous regrowth of hair over the whole body. Our findings suggest that FK506 may have considerable potential as a topical treatment for AA.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9390322&dopt=Abstract
Br J Dermatol. 1997 Oct;137(4):498-505.
Serum-free culture of wool follicles: effects of nutrients, growth factors and hormones.
Bates EJ, Hynd PI, Penn NM, Nancarrow MJ.
Department of Animal Science, University of Adelaide Waite Campus, South Australia, Australia.
A serum-free culture system allowed the continued growth of fibre from follicles for 8-10 days. Fibre growth was responsive to changes in the level of calcium, glucose and amino acids in the culture medium, and was stimulated by the inclusion of insulin (10 micrograms/mL) in the medium. Culture of follicles in the presence of conditioned media from dermal papilla cells or of mitomycin-treated dermal papilla cells had no effect on fibre growth. Neither thyroid hormones nor hydrocortisone altered fibre growth. The progressive decline in fibre growth during follicle culture was accompanied by morphological changes in the follicle bulb. Oxidative damage did not appear to be the cause of these changes as there was no increase in fibre growth rate or longevity when antioxidants were used. This model provides a useful system to study the direct effects of various hormonal, nutritional and growth factors of fibre growth and follicle metabolism.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9390323&dopt=Abstract
Exp Dermatol. 2000 Aug;9(4):283-9.
Expression of nerve growth factor mRNA and its translation products in the anagen hair follicle.
Yardley G, Relf B, Lakshmanan J, Reinshagen M, Moore GP.
School of Science, University of Western Sydney, Nepean, NSW, Australia.
The cellular localization of NGF mRNA and its translation products have been identified in ovine hair follicles. NGF mRNA was detected in the proliferating cells of the follicle bulb and differentiating cells of the suprabulbar region, but was absent from the outer root sheath. Western analysis revealed the presence of a 73 kDa NGF prohormone in extracts of ovine flank skin, but the mature 13 kDa NGF was absent. Immunohistochemical analysis with antibodies specific to mouse NGF and a pro-NGF specific domain localized the NGF prohormone to outer root sheath cells in the upper bulb region of the follicle, adjacent to the zone of keratinization. Antibody binding was also associated with the luminal epithelium of the apocrine sweat gland and the pilary canal of the follicle at its junction with the epidermis. These observations, together with the reported presence of high- and low-affinity NGF receptors in the follicle, implicate the NGF prohormone-responsive neuronal system in the regulation of hair growth.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10949551&dopt=Abstract
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