References: Hair growth and hair loss
Br J Dermatol. 1997 Jul;137(1):31-8.
Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue remodelling during the anagen-catagen transition of the human hair follicle.
Commo S, Bernard BA.
L'OREAL, C.Zviak Research Center, Hair Biology Research Group, Clichy, France.
The transition from the growth phase (anagen) to the involution phase (catagen) involves profound morphological changes in the human hair follicle. Club hair and epithelial column formation, for example, are key features of the catagen phase, which result in the disruption of physical interaction between the bulb and the dermal papilla. However, the dynamics and tissue remodelling that occur during this involution process remain largely unknown. Using monoclonal antibodies directed against K14 keratin, trichohyalin, transglutaminase I, desmoglein and Ki67 antigen, we followed the movements of each of the main hair follicle compartments during the onset of catagen. Our results indicate that the inner root sheath is an early target in this process, suggesting a key role for this compartment in the maintenance of hair follicle homeostasis.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9274622&dopt=Abstract
Int J Parasitol. 1997 Jul;27(7):819-24.
Pathogenicity of experimental caryosporosis.
Vitovec J, Koudela B, Modry D.
Faculty of Agriculture, South Bohemia University, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
Pathogenicity of the coccidia C. bigenetica and C. simplex was studied in experimentally inoculated pigs, goat kids (untreated and immunosuppressed) and severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. The major pathological changes of caryosporosis were similar in all inoculated animals. In pigs and goat kids, caryosporosis was self-limiting, with clinical responses that included focal swelling and erythema of the muzzle, snout, jaws, cheeks, eyelids, bases of the ears, backs of the necks, scrotum, external genitalia of females, legs and footpads. Histopathological changes were characterized by involvement of the cutaneous mononuclear phagocyte system with an inflammatory exudate containing numerous macrophages, especially around the root sheaths, sensory nervous corpuscles of the hair follicles and surrounding dermal free nerve endings. The tactile hair follicles in the muzzle, snout and upper jaw were most severely changed. In SCID mice, inoculation with C. bigenetica or C. simplex caused a severe, fatal, systemic disease characterized by dissemination of numerous caryosporan developmental stages into the host mononuclear phagocyte system. This study presents evidence that both caryosporan species tested caused similar clinical signs and lesions of dermal coccidiosis in the mammalian secondary hosts.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9279585&dopt=Abstract
Dev Biol. 1997 Sep 1;189(1):22-32.
Specific inhibition of hair follicle formation by epidermal growth factor in an organ culture of developing mouse skin.
Kashiwagi M, Kuroki T, Huh N.
Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108, Japan.
Embryonic mouse skin undergoes a drastic morphological change from 13 to 16 gestational days, i.e., formation of rudiments of hair follicles and stratification and cornification of interfollicular epidermis. To investigate underlying molecular mechanisms of the morphogenesis, we established an organ culture system that allows skin tissues isolated from 12.5- or 13.5-days postcoitus embryos to develop in a manner that is histologically and temporally similar to the process in vivo. Expression of differentiation markers of epidermal keratinocytes including cholesterol sulfotransferase and cytokeratin K1 was induced in culture, as it occurs also in vivo. The morphogenic process was observed by time-lapse videomicrography. In this culture system, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor alpha specifically and completely inhibited the hair follicle formation with marginal effects on interfollicular epidermis. The inhibitory action by EGF was reversible and stage specific, i.e., at an early stage of the development of hair rudiments. Among known ligands to the EGF receptor, Schwannoma-derived growth factor and heparin-binding EGF were expressed in in vivo epidermis during the period of the initial formation of hair follicles. EGF receptor is expressed in epidermis throughout the developing period examined. Using an adenovirus vector, we demonstrated that the lacZ gene was transduced into the epidermal and dermal cell layers without appreciable toxicity. These results indicate that the present culture system provides a unique opportunity to investigate molecular mechanisms of skin morphogenesis including the role of EGF signaling under defined experimental conditions.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9281334&dopt=Abstract
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