References: Hair growth and hair loss
Am J Physiol. 1997 Jul;273(1 Pt 2):R226-35.
Discrete thalamic lesions attenuate winter adaptations and increase body weight.
Purvis CC, Duncan MJ.
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington 40536-0084, USA.
The midline thalamus (e.g., the paraventricular thalamic nuclei and the reuniens nucleus) of Siberian hamsters and other mammals has been reported to contain specific binding sites for melatonin, a hormone that is essential for photoperiodically induced winter adaptations such as reproductive quiescence, loss of body weight, daily torpor, and the winter molt. The first experiment investigated whether the midline thalamus is necessary for these winter adaptations. Adult Siberian hamsters received discrete neurotoxic lesions of the paraventricular thalamic nuclei or the reuniens nucleus while under pentobarbital sodium-induced anesthesia. After recovery, the hamsters were monitored for winter adaptations while they were exposed to short photoperiods (10 h light/day) for 12 wk at 22 degrees C then for 60 days at 7 degrees C. Lesions of the reuniens nucleus, but not of the paraventricular thalamic nuclei, significantly inhibited short photoperiod-induced loss of body weight and tended to increase food consumption and decrease daily torpor. The second experiment showed that lesions of the reuniens nucleus increased body weight gain compared with that in controls during exposure to long photoperiods at 22 degrees C for 16 wk. In summary, these findings show that the reuniens nucleus is an important site for regulation of body weight and suggest that lesions of the reuniens nucleus may attenuate winter metabolic adaptations by causing an increase in body weight.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9249554&dopt=Abstract
HNO. 2000 Jun;48(6):457-61.
[Effect of fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) on spiral ganglion cells of the mammalian cochlea]
[Article in German]
Aletsee C, Volter C, Brors D, Ryan AF, Dazert S.
Klinik und Poliklinik fur Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkranke, Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg.
Transient expression by hair cells, increasing levels of FGF-1 mRNA in neonatal rat spiral ganglion neurons and strong expression in adulthood, make FGF-1 a candidate to be associated with development and maintenance of the mammalian spiral ganglion. To test this hypothesis, dissociated spiral ganglion cells from 5 day old rats were cultured in the presence of FGF-1 at 100 ng/ml plus heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) at 500 ng/ml for 72 hours. Spiral ganglion cells incubated with FGF-1/HSPG achieved an average neurite length of 323 microns while control cells gained an average neurite length of 203 microns. The results of this study are consistent with our previous findings in whole spiral ganglion explants (3) where FGF-1 incubation significantly stimulated neurite outgrowth at about the same range. However, stimulation of neurite outgrowth in dissociated spiral ganglion cells suggests that FGF-1 directly binds to FGF receptors on the surface of spiral ganglion neurons and/or neurites instead of acting via intermediate cells such as glia. Since FGF receptor mRNA was found to be expressed only at very low levels in neonatal spiral ganglion neurons (7) it is possible that the receptors are highly localized, perhaps to neurite growth cones. Alternatively, an unknown FGF receptor or splice variant may be expressed in these cells. Adequate FGF-1 application to the human inner ear may stimulate spiral ganglion cell survival and neurite extension after hair cell loss in patients suitable for cochlear implant treatment. By creating a closer contact between spiral ganglion cells and the electrode, FGF-1 might also improve the efficacy of cochlear implants.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10929227&dopt=Abstract
Auris Nasus Larynx. 1997 Jul;24(3):221-5.
Triggers of hair cell regeneration in the avian inner ear.
Yamane H, Nakagawa T, Iguchi H, Shibata S, Takayama M, Sunami K, Nakai Y.
Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka City University Medical School, Japan.
We performed an in vitro study in order to determine possible triggers of hair cell regeneration in the chick basilar papilla following degeneration. We compared the response of sensory epithelium damaged by collagenase treatment with that damaged by acoustic trauma. The former exhibited no proliferative activity, but the latter did. The basilar papillae damaged by acoustic trauma could have proliferating activity in medium containing fetal bovine serum (FBS) or epidermal growth factor (EGF) but not in the medium without FBS or EGF. These findings indicate that regeneration of basilar papillae depends on the manner of cell death and that FBS or EGF is required for regeneration.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9251849&dopt=Abstract
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