References: Hair growth and hair loss
Hear Res. 1997 May;107(1-2):23-8.
Postnatal expression of the alpha-thyroid hormone receptor in the rat cochlea.
Lautermann J, ten Cate WJ.
Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, University of Essen, Germany.
Thyroid hormone receptors belong to the superfamily of nuclear receptors which are expressed in many tissues. Reduced levels of thyroid hormones in acquired or congenital hypothyroidism can lead to hearing loss which may be irreversible. In this study we investigated immunohistochemically the postnatal distribution of the triiodothyronine alpha receptor in the rat cochlea. Cell regions of high sensitivity towards thyroid hormones should have a high density of thyroid hormone receptors. Strong immunoreactivity for the alpha-thyroid hormone receptor was observed in spiral ganglion cells as well as inner and outer hair cells of the cochlea. Staining could be detected during all stages investigated from the first postnatal day up to day 30 and exhibited mainly a nuclear pattern. These observations suggest that spiral ganglion cells and hair cells are target regions of thyroid hormones in the adult and developing cochlea. Thyroid hormones could thus play an important role in the maturation of the inner ear.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9165343&dopt=Abstract
J Med Entomol. 2000 Jul;37(4):503-6.
Effect of pyriproxyfen in the blood diet of cat fleas on adult survival, egg viability, and larval development.
Meola R, Meier K, Dean S, Bhaskaran G.
Department of Entomology, TX, A&M University, College Station 77843-2475, USA.
The activity of pyriproxyfen in the blood diet was investigated for its efficacy against adult, egg, and larval stages of the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis (Bouche). Adult fleas were housed in plastic cages and fed treated bovine blood using an artificial membrane system that allows fleas to feed ad libitum through a parafilm membrane. Control fleas received blood without pyriproxyfen. Results showed that ingested pyriproxyfen was relatively nontoxic to adult fleas over a period of 10 d at concentrations as high as 100 ppm. These findings are in sharp contrast to earlier studies that showed that residues of pyriproxyfen on filter paper or dog hair were highly toxic to adult cat fleas at concentrations as low as 12.5 ppm. Fleas obviously fed on blood containing pyriproxyfen because they produced large numbers of eggs. However, none of the eggs hatched. Also, larvae of untreated fleas failed to develop to adults when they were fed fecal blood excreted by pyriproxyfen-treated fleas. The results indicate that although ingested pyriproxyfen was relatively nontoxic to adult fleas, enough chemical was absorbed through the gut wall to cause ovisterilant activity, while the remainder was excreted.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10916290&dopt=Abstract
Pediatr Res. 1997 Jun;41(6):857-61.
Effect of tactile stimulation on serum lactate in the newborn rat.
Alasmi MM, Pickens WL, Hoath SB.
Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, USA.
Maturation of the CNS in neonatal animals is dependent upon both sensory input and the constant availability of metabolic fuel. Previous reports indicate that the preferred metabolic substrate for the developing rat brain is lactate. In this study, we used the neonatal Sprague-Dawley rat to investigate a possible interactive role between touch and the regulation of serum lactate. Two hundred and fifty rats (postnatal d 0-7) were exposed to a standard tactile stimulation (TS) regimen to mimic nonspecific maternal stimulation. This regimen consisted of stroking the dorsum with a soft camel hair brush for 30 s every minute for 10 min. Serum lactate and glucose levels were measured after TS. In newborn (d 0) rats, lactate levels were increased by 207% in stroked pups versus controls. This elevation of serum lactate persisted for 30 min after cessation of TS. On d 7, TS increased lactate only 11%. Glucose levels were unaffected at all ages. In neonatal pups, pretreatment with pentobarbital blocked the effect of TS, whereas epidermal growth factor evoked a synergistic response. Capsaicin pretreatment had no effect. Mixed arteriovenous blood gases revealed a mild increase in pH and a decrease in Pco2 after TS. We conclude that TS in newborn rats is a regulator of circulating lactate. This response is maximal in the immediate postnatal period and wanes over the 1st wk of life. We speculate that the transduction of sensory signals by the skin is a mechanism regulating the availability of cerebral energy substrates in the newborn mammal.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9167199&dopt=Abstract
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