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References: Laxative

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BACKGROUND AND AIM: The present study was designed to identify a cut-off value to define subjective and relatively objective criteria of constipation using the visual scale analog questionnaire (VSAQ) in healthy subjects. In addition, the importance of recall bias when evaluating constipation was investigated by repeating the questionnaire and ensuring the subjects maintained diaries. METHODS: Seven hundred and sixty healthy hospital personnel were questioned by means of a standard questionnaire. Subjects were initially asked if they were constipated (self-reported) and their daily defecation frequencies. Severity of the parameters of constipation, the consistency of defecation in the form of hard stools, straining and incomplete evacuation were also investigated using a VSAQ (0-10). Subjects were asked to complete a standard form about their daily bowel habits in the subsequent 7 days (diary). At the end of this series, the questionnaire forms completed at the beginning were readministered. Using the criteria of functional constipation, the prevalence of self-reported, symptom-based (>/=2 criteria) and diary-based (>/=2 criteria in the diary) were defined. RESULTS: Of the subjects, 48.5% (369/760) completed diaries regarding their bowel habits and completed the questionnaire for the second time (198 female, 171 male; mean age 31.6 +/- 7.1 years). According to only interrogation, 29.8% of subjects reported that they were constipated; however, this number increased to 39.6% when symptom-based constipation (>/=2 criteria) was considered. Significant agreement was observed between the results of self-reported constipation in form I and II, and symptom-based and diary-based constipation (concordance = 77.7-98

temp/constipation-1.matches:coh.org

PURPOSE: The purpose of this Phase I study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose and dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) of i.p. docetaxel and to determine the peritoneal pharmacokinetics and pharmacological advantage of this agent. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Twenty-one patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis received docetaxel administered via an implanted i.p. catheter at doses of 40, 80, 100, 125, or 156 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. DLTs on course 1 were used to define the maximum tolerated dose. RESULTS: Tumor types included gastric adenocarcinoma (n=7), ovarian cancer (n=4), other gastrointestinal primaries (n=3), and other cancers (n=7). Sixty cycles of i.p. docetaxel (median, 2; range, 1-11) were delivered. DLTs occurred in two patients at the 156 mg/m2 dose level; both developed an ileus, and one patient died of neutropenic sepsis. One of five evaluable patients treated with 125 mg/m2 docetaxel i.p. developed grade 4 neutropenic sepsis and stomatitis; another patient developed renal failure attributable to glomerulonephritis and grade 3 thrombocytopenia that was not judged to be dose-limiting. One of six patients receiving 100 mg/m2 D, the recommended Phase II dose, developed grade 4 neutropenia lasting <5 days. Other non-DLT treatment-related toxicities included dehydration requiring i.v. fluids, emesis, stomatitis, constipation, and abdominal pain. Best response on protocol therapy included 7 of 18 patients with stable disease for a median of 5 cycles (range, 2-11); 11 patien

temp/constipation-1.matches:cc.uoa.gr

INTRODUCTION: There is little information on the gastrointestinal motility abnormalities and autonomic neuropathy of children with gastrointestinal symptoms and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). METHODS: The authors studied 33 consecutive patients (mean age, 15.3 years; 13 males) with T1DM (median duration, 7.7 years) attending the outpatient clinic because of chronic dyspepsia (CD; n = 14), or chronic constipation (CC; n = 19), and 48 consecutive non-T1DM patients (mean age, 13.7 years; 18 males), who presented with similar symptoms (18 with CD; 30 with CC). Fasting serum motilin concentrations and cardiovascular autonomic function tests (CAFT) were assessed and compared with those of age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects. Gastric emptying half time (GE t1/2) of a solid meal and mouth-to-anus transit time (MATT) were measured in patients with CD and CC, respectively. RESULTS: CAFT was comparable between patients with T1DM and healthy control subjects. GE t1/2 and MATT were not different between T1DM patients and non-T1DM patients with CD and CC, respectively. However, a marginally significant positive correlation was found in the patients with T1DM between GE t1/2 and blood glucose concentrations (R = 0.54; P = 0.08). In addition, serum motilin concentrations were significantly lower in patients with T1DM compared with healthy control subjects (P < 0.0005), and in patients with T1DM and higher serum glucose concentrations compared with those with lower serum glucose concentrations (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Autonomic neuropathy is not an etiological factor of gastrointestinal symptoms in children and ad

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