References: Laxative
temp/constipation-10.matches:
Therapie. 1993 Sep-Oct;48(5):469-74.
[Evaluation of unexpected and toxic effects of omeprazole (Mopral) reported to the regional centers of pharmacovigilance during the first 22 postmarketing months]
[Article in French]
Castot A, Bidault I, Dahan R, Efthymiou ML.
Centre de Pharmacovigilance, Hopital Fernand Widal, Paris.
Omeprazole has been marketed in France since 1989, for the healing of peptic ulcers, erosive reflux esophagitis and the Zollinger Ellison syndrome. It is a proton pump inhibitor which inhibits the acid secretion in the stomach. In the majority of the clinical trials, omeprazole has been found to be well tolerated: headache, dizziness, skin rash, constipation have just been noted. Since September 1989, 143 adverse reactions have been reported to pharmacovigilance centres and Astra France: 37 neurological and psychiatric side effects, especially confusion in patients with hepatic diseases and/or advanced age; 35 cutaneous reactions, generally rash and urticaria; 22 hematological effects: leucopenia and agranulocytosis have been reported but the relation with omeprazole is very uncertain; 10 gastrointestinal effects, generally diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain; 8 hepatic disorders, especially moderate elevation of aminotransferases. This study confirms the safety of this drug, during short treatment; the frequency of notified adverse effects is about 1/12 200 treatments of 4 weeks. The ministry of health, has decided, in november 1991, to inform the prescribers of this potential toxicity of omeprazole, particularly, of the risk of confusion, hepatotoxicity and leucopenia.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8146827&dopt=Abstract
temp/constipation-15.matches:
Gut. 1979 Dec;20(12):1095-101.
Motor activity of the sigmoid colon in chronic constipation: comparative study with normal subjects.
Meunier P, Rochas A, Lambert R.
Manometric studies of the sigmoid colon were performed on 17 healthy volunteers and on 49 constipated patients, after a long period of fasting (18--20 hours). Motility was recorded using perfused catheters at basal level during 45 minutes, then 60 minutes after a 0.5 mg intravenous injection of neostigmine, and, finally, 30 minutes during and after a meal. Motor activity was assessed by a motility index (per cent of activity x mean amplitude of waves). In both normal and constipated patients, the basal motility index was very low (respectively 82 +/- 16 and 110 +/- 113). This low level of activity was due to the long fasting period imposed on all the subjects. After neostigmine the motility index increased in both controls (347 +/- 256) and constipated patients (311 +/- 325); this test, however was found to be unreliable. The meal increased the motility index to significantly higher values than after neostigmine in controls (538 +/- 215). In constipated patients the mean meal motility index was comparable with that of controls (577 +/- 549) with a large distribution of individual values. Using the mean meal motility index +/- 2 SD of the control group as a term of comparison, the patients were segregated into three groups: 'hypomotor' patients (eight cases), 'normomotor' patients (33 cases), and 'hypermotor' patients (eight cases). From the evidence of this series of clinically well-defined constipated patients, it was concluded that only the meal test is able to segregate three significant patterns of sigmoid activity and that a large number (68%) of constipated patients exhibit normal sigmoid motor activity.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=527885&dopt=Abstract
temp/constipation-15.matches:
Ann Neurol. 1979 Oct;6(4):302-14. ["OMIM","window.top.location='online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=pubmed_omim&from_uid=554522'","",""],
Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2b: phenotype recognition; neurological features and their pathological basis.
Dyck PJ, Carney JA, Sizemore GW, Okazaki H, Brimijoin WS, Lambert EH.
Sixteen patients affected with multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2b (MEN 2b), were evaluated by clinical, neurological, nerve conduction and electromyographic, and postmortem examinations. Eight of the 11 patients examined clinically had symptoms: 5, neurogenic constipation; 1, failing vision due to hypertrophied corneal nerves; 1, neuromuscular symptoms and pes cavus; and 1, facial disfigurement. Expression of the dominantly inherited MEN 2b gene is more variable than previously known. When neuromuscular findings are present alone, the features may be those of peroneal muscular atrophy. Because 10 of the 11 patients had sufficiently full expression of the dominantly inherited gene--"Marfanlike" body build, full and fleshy lips, whitish yellow nodules (neuromas) on the tip and edges of the tongue, pes cavus, or peroneal muscular atrophy--the presence of MEN 2b was recognized and a search for the usually associated medullary thyroid carcinoma was instigated. In addition to the recognized involvement of autonomic nerves, we have confirmed that somatic motor and senory neurons may be involved. Findings at postmortem evaluation indicate that symptoms can be attributed to neuroma formation: a characteristic adventitious plaque of tissue composed of hyperplastic, interlacing bands of Schwann cells and myelinated fibers overlay the posterior columns of the spinal cord.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=554522&dopt=Abstract
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