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References: Laxative

temp/constipation-1.matches:

Am J Gastroenterol. 2003 May;98(5):1107-11.
Risk factors for chronic constipation based on a general practice sample.

Talley NJ, Jones M, Nuyts G, Dubois D.

Department of Medicine, University of Sydney, Nepean Hospital, Penrith NSW, Australia.

OBJECTIVES: Many factors have been associated with the occurrence of constipation, particularly poor diet and lack of exercise. However, the importance of medications and general medical illnesses in constipation remains more uncertain. We aimed to identify risk factors for constipation from among patient clinical, therapeutic, and demographic characteristics. METHODS: The sample was composed of patients explicitly diagnosed with chronic constipation (n = 7251), those diagnosed with constipation of unspecified chronicity (n = 6441), and a sample of controls (n = 7103). All were drawn from a general practice research database representing more than 10 yr of data collection. RESULTS: A large number of clinical and therapeutic factors were independently associated with chronic constipation over and above age and gender. Primary neurological diseases were strongly associated with constipation but accounted for few cases. Opioids (OR = 1.6, population attributable risk [PAR] = 2.6%), diuretics (OR = 1.7, PAR = 5.6%), antidepressants (OR = 1.9, PAR = 8.2%), antihistamines (OR = 1.8, PAR = 9.2%), antispasmodics (OR = 3.3, PAR = 11.6%), anticonvulsants (OR = 2.8, PAR = 2.5%) and aluminum antacids (OR = 1.7, PAR = 3.0%) were associated with the highest risk among medications. CONCLUSIONS: Constipation is common in primary care, and multiple medications seem to be an important contributing factor. Concurrent diseases are also associated but at most are only contributing to a minority of cases.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12809835&dopt=Abstract

temp/constipation-1.matches:uz.kuleuven.ac.be

BACKGROUND: In the last decade our understanding of pelvic floor function and dysfunction has improved significantly. A more rational diagnostic and therapeutic approach is now possible for the group of patients with constipation due to obstructed defecation (OD). METHODS: The review is based on a literature search using the PubMed database focusing mainly on recent literature addressing the subject. RESULTS: Obstructed defecation occurs in about 7% of the adult population. Different pathophysiological mechanisms, either functional or anatomical, eventually lead to OD. Different tests (defecography, balloon evacuation test, manometry, electromyography, colonic transit time measurementmanometry) play an important role to quantify the problem. These tests are not without problems as abnormal results are also found in asymptomatic controls. Also, there is poor agreement between different tests and a poor correlation with symptomatology. Thus, for most syndromes conservative treatment including biofeedback is appropriate. Surgery can yield excellent results in selected cases. CONCLUSION: Validation of scoring systems and quantitative tests is still needed. More uniform and strict criteria for anismus should be applied to make therapeutic approaches comparable. Appropriate selection of patients for surgery is the key to success.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12814403&dopt=Abstract

temp/constipation-1.matches:medicin.umu.se

OBJECTIVE: Patients with idiopathic slow-transit constipation comprise a small proportion of the total population complaining of constipation. The purpose of this review is to present an update of pathophysiology of this disorder and its application in clinical management. METHODS: Medline was used to search English language articles published up to the end of September 2002 on the subject of slow-transit constipation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Patients with idiopathic slow-transit constipation can be divided into 2 subgroups: 1. patients with normal proximal gastrointestinal motility and with onset of constipation in connection with childbirth or pelvic surgery. This subgroup may benefit from consideration of surgical treatment; 2. patients who have a dysfunctional enteric nervous/neuroendocrine system and exhibit colonic dysmotility as part of a generalised gastrointestinal dysmotility. Surgical approach in this subgroup seems to be unhelpful and medical treatment appears to be a better approach.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12814404&dopt=Abstract

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