References: Laxative
temp/constipation-10.matches:
Biol Psychol. 1993 Jan;35(1):37-49.
Vascular disease risk factors, urinary free cortisol, and health histories in older adults: shyness and gender interactions.
Bell IR, Martino GM, Meredith KE, Schwartz GE, Siani MM, Morrow FD.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724.
We studied relationships between shyness and health during a health screening survey of older adults (ages 50-88) living in an active retirement community in the southwestern United States (n = 232). As in previous studies of infants, older individuals with hay fever, insomnia and constipation were more shy than those without these problems. Shy persons overall showed higher sitting systolic blood pressure and a larger fall in orthostatic systolic blood pressure on standing; shy men had a greater prevalence of hypertension histories than did low-shy men. Shy subjects of both sexes had lower HDL cholesterol and higher triglycerides than did low-shy subjects; shy women tended to have higher LDL cholesterol than did low-shy women. In contrast with findings of elevated salivary cortisol in extremely inhibited children of both sexes, only shy women had higher 24 h urinary free cortisol excretion than did low-shy women; men showed the opposite pattern, possibly related to suppression of aggression. Shy men also tended to report a higher prevalence of thyroid disease history than did low-shy men (20% versus 6%). Notably, autoimmune thyroiditis has previously been linked with panic and depression, disorders which in turn have been associated with shyness. Taken together with previous work in shy children and their families, the data raise the possibility of (a) increased risk for arteriosclerotic vascular disease; and (b) increased risk of adrenal- and/or thyroid-related diseases in certain shy older adults.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8435451&dopt=Abstract
temp/constipation-10.matches:
J Pediatr Surg. 1993 Feb;28(2):199-203.
Megasigmoid: a source of pseudoincontinence in children with repaired anorectal malformations.
Pena A, el Behery M.
Department of Surgery, Schneider Children's Hospital, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11042.
Three children with a history of anorectal malformation repairs were referred to the authors for evaluation and management of fecal incontinence. Their ages ranged from 5 to 7 years. On examination, all the children had fecal impaction and localized dilatation of the rectosigmoid colon. Medical treatment was tried but failed to control the symptoms, and the patients frequently had to be hospitalized for disimpaction. To correct this problem, the authors resected the dilated sigmoid colon, anastomosing the nondilated descending colon to the rectal ampulla, which was preserved to serve as a reservoir. Postoperatively, constipation was cured in all patients. In addition the patients became fecally continent postoperatively, which was an unexpected bonus. The authors believe that localized dilatation of the rectosigmoid should always be considered whenever a child is having intractable constipation after repair of an anorectal malformation and that sigmoid resection may be considered as a therapeutic alternative. Segmental dilatation of the sigmoid colon may be a source of fecal pseudoincontinence and, therefore, should be ruled out when the surgeon is evaluating patients with fecal incontinence.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8437081&dopt=Abstract
temp/constipation-10.matches:
J Pediatr. 1993 Mar;122(3):477-82.
Use of cholestyramine in the treatment of children with familial combined hyperlipidemia.
Liacouras CA, Coates PM, Gallagher PR, Cortner JA.
Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104.
We studied the effectiveness of and compliance with the use of cholestyramine in children with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL). During a 10-year period, 673 children (aged 10.5 +/- 4.0 years) were referred for evaluation of hyperlipidemia, of whom 87 (36 with FH; 51 with FCHL) were treated with cholestyramine (8 to 24 gm/day). In both groups, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B levels were significantly reduced after cholestyramine use. In those with FH, plasma LDL-cholesterol levels decreased from 258 +/- 35 mg/dl (6.67 +/- 0.90 mmol/L) to 190 +/- 31 mg/dl (4.91 +/- 0.80 mmol/L); in those with FCHL, LDL-cholesterol levels dropped from 207 +/- 40 mg/dl (5.35 +/- 1.03 mmol/L) to 141 +/- 35 mg/dl (3.64 +/- 0.90 mmol/L). High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were not significantly changed after cholestyramine use in either group. In the FCHL group, plasma triglyceride levels increased significantly from 81 +/- 35 mg/dl (0.92 +/- 0.40 mmol/L) to 134 +/- 42 mg/dl (1.52 +/- 0.48 mmol/L). Seven patients were lost to follow-up; 18 discontinued the medication within 1 month. Of the remaining 62 children, 59 had a good response to the drug. Of the 62 patients, 52 discontinued the medication after 21.9 +/- 10 months. Adverse effects included foul taste (73%), nausea with bloating (18%), and constipation. Cholestyramine is effective in reducing LDL-cholesterol levels in children with inherited hyperlipidemia, but the majority of children will not comply with its long-term use.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8441109&dopt=Abstract
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