References: Hair growth and hair loss
J Invest Dermatol. 1989 Nov;93(5):610-5.
Chronic cyclosporine-induced autoimmune disease in the rat: a new experimental model for scleroderma.
Bos GM, Majoor GD, Willighagen RG, van Breda Vriesman PJ.
Department of Immunology, University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
The pathogenesis of scleroderma is still elusive, although autoimmune mechanism involvement has been suggested. The present study was designed to investigate whether or not rat scleroderma would appear as one of the symptoms in a recently described model for autoimmune disease. The model is based on manipulation or reconstitution of the immune system after lethal irradiation and syngeneic bone marrow transplantation by temporary administration of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine-A. Withdrawal of cyclosporine-A 6-12 wk after bone marrow transplantation gives rise to autoimmune reactions causing clinical pathology similar to graft-versus-host disease. We discuss the chronic phase of this disease, approximately 30 wk after cyclosporine-A was withheld at that time-about one-third of the rats had developed histologic skin lesions comparable to those seen in patients with scleroderma. Therefore, we propose this model as a new, experimental autoimmune model for scleroderma in humans.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2794549&dopt=Abstract
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1989 Oct;16(10):3417-22.
[Intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy with [Sar1, Ile8] angiotensin II in bladder cancer]
[Article in Japanese]
Morita T, Kikuchi T, Hara Y, Ishikawa S, Kobayashi Y, Ishiyama S, Tozuka K, Goto K, Nakashima N, Takahashi K, et al.
Dept. of Urology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan.
Twenty patients with bladder cancer were treated with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy using CDDP and ADM in combination with [Sar1, Ile8] angiotensin II. A catheter was introduced into internal iliac artery by Seldinger's technique, and 100 mg of CDDP, 50 mg of ADM and 1 mg of [Sar1, Ile8] angiotensin II were infused through the catheter for 40 minutes. CR was observed in 8 of 20 patients. PR in 11 and NC in 1. Therefore, the response rate (CR + PR) was 95% (19/20). Side effects were generally mild and consisted of leukopenia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, alopecia, skin pigmentation and headache. Catheter-related complications were not observed. This study demonstrated that intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy with CDDP and ADM in combination with [Sar1, Ile8] angiotensin II was extremely effective in treating patients with bladder cancer.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2802636&dopt=Abstract
J Invest Dermatol. 1999 Dec;113(6):1123-7.
Two different mutations in the same codon of a type II hair keratin (hHb6) in patients with monilethrix.
Pearce EG, Smith SK, Lanigan SW, Bowden PE.
Department of Dermatology, University of Wales College of Medicine (UWCM), Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
Monilethrix is an autosomal dominant hair disorder characterized by a beaded appearance of the hair due to periodic thinning of the shaft. The phenotype shows variable penetrance and results in hair fragility and patchy dystrophic alopecia. Mutations of the helix-encoding region in two hair-specific keratins (hHb1 and hHb6) have been identified. We have now investigated two unrelated monilethrix patients and identified two different novel heterozygous point mutations of the same codon in exon 7 of the hHb6 gene. Dystrophic hair samples obtained from both patients showed the typical beaded appearance by scanning electron microscopy. Both mutations affected the first base of codon 402 (glutamic acid). In patient A, a G to C transition occurred causing a glutamine substitution (GAG to CAG: E402Q) whereas in patient B, the transition was G to A yielding a lysine substitution (GAG to AAG: E402K). The sequence of the 1A helical regions of hHb1 and hHb6 as well as the 2B helical region of hHb1, were normal. Unaffected relatives did not have the hHb6 mutation and this codon was found to be highly conserved showing no alteration in the normal population (100 alleles examined). Both mutations disrupted a Taq I restriction site and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis showed that a diagnostic 361 bp fragment could confirm the mutation. Thus, two new point mutations of the hair-specific keratin gene hHb6 have been identified in this genetic disease.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10594761&dopt=Abstract
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