References: Hair growth and hair loss
Cancer Res. 1989 Apr 15;49(8 Suppl):2217s-2219s.
Familial and iatrogenic cortisol receptor resistance.
Lamberts SW, Koper JW, Biemond P, den Holder FH, de Jong FH.
Department of Medicine, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
A family is described in which the father, a daughter, and two sons had cortisol receptor resistance. Hirsutism, skull baldness, and menstrual irregularities existed only in the female patient, while all three males were asymptomatic. The syndrome was transmitted via a dominant autosomal trait. A lowered dexamethasone affinity and a lowered number of glucocorticoid receptors were detected on the peripheral mononuclear leukocytes of the female patient. Chronic administration of the glucocorticoid receptor-blocking agent mifepristone (RU 38486) to normal individuals resulted in resetting of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis at a higher level, while the diurnal rhythm of cortisol and the responsiveness to corticotropin releasing factor remained present. In four postmenopausal women this resulted in a considerable increase in circulating androstenedione levels (and eventually of estradiol levels). This iatrogenic RU 38486-induced biochemical syndrome is similar and difficult to differentiate from familial cortisol receptor resistance. Among a group of patients with so-called "idiopathic hirsutism," four patients were recognized with elevated androstenedione and (slightly) elevated cortisol levels which showed abnormalities in the affinity and/or number of glucocorticoid receptors on their peripheral mononuclear leukocytes. Therefore it is hypothesized that the syndrome of (partial) glucocorticoid receptor resistance is far more common than currently thought, especially among the group of patients with so-called "idiopathic hirsutism."
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2539256&dopt=Abstract
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1989;24(2):102-4.
Ifosfamide, mitomycin and radiotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer.
Chetiyawardana SD, Cullen MH, Joshi RC, Woodroffe CM.
Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, U.K.
Ifosfamide and mitomycin C are two of the more active single agents in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study evaluates these drugs in combination followed by radiotherapy. A total of 33 ambulatory patients with inoperable NSCLC were treated with 5 g/m2 ifosfamide as a 24-h infusion, with the concurrent administration of sodium 2-mercaptoethane sulphonate (mesna; 160% of the ifosfamide dose) and 6 mg/m2 mitomycin C given as an i.v. bolus injection on the 2nd day. The median age of the patients was 61 years. In all, 20 patients had limited disease and 13, extensive disease. A total of 30 were assessable for response to chemotherapy, 8 of whom achieved a partial response (PR) and 5, a complete response (CR) (2 were verified bronchoscopically). The overall response rate was thus 43%. All but one response (a PR) were in patients with limited disease (LD). A total of 21 patients, including 13 responders, received thoracic irradiation (30 Gy in 8 fractions over 10 days) following chemotherapy. One PR was converted to a radiological CR. In all, 17 (55%) of the patients were alive at 1 year. All patients suffered chemotherapy-induced alopecia (WHO grade 3), but there were no treatment modifications due to myelosuppression, haemorrhagic cystitis or other toxicity. WHO grade 3 nausea and vomiting were seen in all patients. There was one treatment-related death. Combination therapy using ifosfamide and mitomycin C has useful activity in NSCLC.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2543511&dopt=Abstract
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1989 Jun;16(6):2263-7.
[Adriamycin, cisplatin, and etoposide combination chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer]
[Article in Japanese]
Irino S, Fujita J, Yamaji Y, Futami H, Hashimoto Y, Bungo M, Iuchi Y, Kamei M, Nakamura H, Hata Y, et al.
1st Dept. of Internal Medicine, Kagawa Medical School.
Twenty-three patients with small cell lung cancer (11 with limited disease and 12 with extensive disease) who had not received previous chemotherapy were treated with a combination of adriamycin (30 mg/m2, i.v., on day 1), cisplatin (80 mg/m2, i.v., on day 1) and etoposide (70 mg/m2, i.v., on day 1-5). This chemotherapy regimen was repeated at 3- or 4-week intervals for 3 to 5 treatment cycles. Among 22 evaluable patients, 5 showed complete response and 17 had a partial response (response rate 100%). The median response duration of 12 extensive disease patients was 21 months. There were 5 survivors for more than 2 years. Toxicity included moderate to severe hematologic toxicity, alopecia, nausea and vomiting. This combination chemotherapy appears to be optimal for the treatment of small cell lung cancer.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2544150&dopt=Abstract
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