References: Hair growth and hair loss
Science. 1990 Sep 28;249(4976):1564-6.
Protection from chemotherapy-induced alopecia in a rat model.
Hussein AM, Jimenez JJ, McCall CA, Yunis AA.
Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33101.
Alopecia (hair loss) is among the most distressing side effects of cancer chemotherapy. Little progress has been made, however, in its prevention or treatment, partly because of the lack of suitable experimental model. In recent work on the treatment of myelogenous leukemia in the rat, the following observations were made: (i) treatment of 8-day-old rats with cytosine arabinoside consistently produced alopecia, and (ii) ImuVert, a biologic response modifier derived from the bacterium Serratia marcescens, uniformly produced complete protection against the alopecia. In subsequent experiments, both cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin also produced alopecia in this model, and the doxorubicin-induced alopecia was prevented by treatment with ImuVert. The potential relevance of these observations to chemotherapy-induced alopecia in the clinical setting should be examined.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2218498&dopt=Abstract
Changgeng Yi Xue Za Zhi. 1990 Jun 20;13(2):96-103.
Safety and efficacy of 2% topical minoxidil in the management of male pattern baldness in Chinese.
Kuan YZ, Chen SY, Chen MJ, Wang CN, Chan HL.
Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Topic 2% minoxidil solution has been proved to be effective for hair regrowth in 30-40% of male pattern baldness in the United States and Europe. There was no report concerning topical minoxidil in Chinese patients, therefore, we selected 40 patients to investigate the efficacy and safety from December 1988 to January 1989. Those selected patients were consistent with male pattern baldness without systemic disease, and had never used topical hair regrowth agents. Patients applied topical medication 1 ml twice daily and were examined at 1 month intervals. Thirty two patients completed 6 to 12 months (average 9.6 months) of the study, moderate hair growth was found in 22% while minimal growth in 59% of the studied patients. All patients noted their shedding decrease after the application of drugs for 1 to 3 months. Scalp dryness and mild scaling appeared in 2 patients, but were tolerable. Before and after the trial, all patients had a chest roentgenogram, EKG, complete blood counts, urinalysis and blood chemistry studies, and no apparent abnormality was found. The efficacy of 2% minoxidil solution application in our study was less than that in the United States. which might be because some patients did not follow the application order regularly and a more strict evaluation standard was adopted in our series. However, the safety of no systemic adverse effect and the potential of inhibiting progressive shedding of hair were valuable as a topical drug.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2224611&dopt=Abstract
Biochem J. 1990 Sep 15;270(3):721-8.
Purification and characterization of rat liver minoxidil sulphotransferase.
Hirshey SJ, Falany CN.
Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Center, University of Rochester, NY 14642.
Minoxidil (Mx), a pyrimidine N-oxide, is used therapeutically as an antihypertensive agent and to induce hair growth in patients with male pattern baldness. Mx NO-sulphate has been implicated as the agent active in producing these effects. This paper describes the purification of a unique sulphotransferase (ST) from rat liver cytosol that is capable of catalysing the sulphation of Mx. By using DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B chromatography, hydroxyapatite chromatography and ATP-agarose affinity chromatography, Mx-ST activity was purified 240-fold compared with the activity in cytosol. The purified enzyme was also capable of sulphating p-nitrophenol (PNP) at low concentrations (less than 10 microM). Mx-ST was purified to homogeneity, as evaluated by SDS/PAGE and reverse-phase h.p.l.c. The active form of the enzyme had a molecular mass of 66,000-68,000 Da as estimated by gel exclusion chromatography and a subunit molecular mass of 35,000 Da. The apparent Km values for Mx, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulphate and PNP were 625 microM, 5.0 microM and 0.5 microM respectively. However, PNP displayed potent substrate inhibition at concentrations above 1.2 microM. Antibodies raised in rabbits to the pure enzyme detected a single band in rat liver cytosol with a subunit molecular mass of 35,000 Da, as determined by immunoblotting. The anti-(rat Mx-ST) antibodies also reacted with the phenol-sulphating form of human liver phenol sulphotransferase, suggesting some structural similarity between these proteins.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2241904&dopt=Abstract
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