References: Hair growth and hair loss
J Dermatol Sci. 1990 May;1(3):183-94.
The effects of topical diazoxide on hair follicular growth and physiology of the stumptailed macaque.
Uno H, Kemnitz JW, Cappas A, Adachi K, Sakuma A, Kamoda H.
Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53715-1299.
Diazoxide, an anti-hypertensive agent, has diverse pharmacologic effects; hypertrichosis, hyperglycemia associated with suppression of insulin release, and elevation of serum levels of androgens. Taking advantage of the hypertrichotic side effects of diazoxide, we examined the effect of topical application of the drug on hair regrowth in the bald frontal scalp of stumptailed macaques (Macaca arctoides); we also monitored systemic side effects. Using 7 adult stumptails, we applied diazoxide (5% solution in a vehicle) topically on the bald frontal scalp, once a day, 5 days per week. Two of seven macaques had vehicle alone applied. Hair growth was monitored by photographic recording (once every month) and by sequential analysis of folliculograms from biopsied skin (once every 4 months). We also examined body weight, hematology, blood pressure, heart rate, serum levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, and glucose tolerance for a 4-month period. All 5 diazoxide-treated animals showed thickening and maintenance of the frontal hair during the entire treatment period (16 months). Analysis of folliculograms showed progressive enlargement of hair follicular size and acceleration of its cyclic growth from telogen to anagen phase and prolongation of anagen phase in all treated animals. Controls showed no consistent progressive changes of follicular growth. None of the animals treated with diazoxide showed abnormal changes in physical growth, cardiovascular function, serum levels of androgens, glucose tolerance (including insulin levels), or hematology.
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Z Hautkr. 1990 Dec;65(12):1115-9.
[Proliferation behavior of the anagen hair bulb in androgenetic alopecia before and after local administration of 17 alpha- propylmesterolone--DNA flow cytophotometry studies]
[Article in German]
Kiesewetter F, Schell H, Seidel C, von Hintzenstern J.
Dermatologische Universitats-Klinik Erlangen.
10 male test persons with androgenetic alopecia (Hamilton stage IV) were topically treated with an alcoholic 17 alpha-propylmesterolone solution (PM, 3%) for 3 months. Before and after treatment, we took deep biopsies from the fronto-temporal scalp region. Microsurgically, we isolated anagen hair bulbs, connective tissue with epidermis, and fat from the biopsy samples in order to determine cell cycle kinetics by means of DNA-flow cytometry. By comparison, cell cycle kinetics of the pre- and post-treatment samples did not show any significant changes with regard to connective tissue and fat, whereas in anagen hair bulbs, we found a significant increase of both S-phase cells (%) and the proliferation index (%). These results imply that PM, if topically applied, enhances the proliferative activity of hair matrix cells.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2087839&dopt=Abstract
Rev Esp Fisiol. 1990 Sep;46(3):283-8.
A possible specific receptor for 3-beta-androstanediol in the human sebaceous gland.
Caballero MJ, Carreras E, Mallol J.
Unidad de Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona, Reus/Tarragona, Spain.
Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) does not seem to be the active specific metabolite of testosterone in hypertrophic sebaceous glands of subjects affected by male pattern baldness (MPB) and several results indicate that probably 3-beta-androstanediol (beta DIOL) could be an active form of testosterone in those glands. Cytosol and serum from several patients affected by MPB and subjected to hair autotransplantation, was incubated with both beta DIOL and 3-alpha-androstanediol (alpha DIOL). Binding patterns indicate that alpha DIOL binds to cytosolic proteins probably due to the contaminating sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), whereas beta DIOL exhibits an atypical binding process in cytosol in the presence of high concentrations of non radioactive beta DIOL. This binding increases progressively up to 2 pmol/mg protein at the limit solubility conditions for the non radioactive steroid. This pattern is not observed in serum from the same patients, where the binding of beta DIOL is typically restricted to the SHBG. These results strongly suggest the existence of a specific beta DIOL-binding protein in the hypertrophic sebaceous glands and explain the lack of specific receptor for DHT in these tissues.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2091153&dopt=Abstract
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