References: Hair growth and hair loss
Lab Invest. 1991 Nov;65(5):588-600.
Hairpatches, a single gene mutation characterized by progressive renal disease and alopecia in the mouse. A potential model for a newly described heritable human disorder.
Shultz LD, Lane PW, Coman DR, Taylor S, Hall E, Lyons B, Wood BG, Schlager G.
Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine.
A new murine mutation, hairpatches (Hpt), is on chromosome 4, 18.1 recombination units distal to brown near the interferon alpha and beta chain structural gene complex. On the inbred HPT/Le strain background, Hpt is semi-dominant, and Hpt/Hpt mice die in utero by 6 to 8 days of gestation. Such death in utero is associated with abnormalities of embryonic ectodermal derivatives. However on the (C57BL/6J x C3HeB/FeJ-a/a) segregating hybrid background, Hpt is a fully dominant mutation. HPT/Le Hpt/+ mice can be recognized by 3 to 4 days of age by patches of lightly pigmented skin. These mice show reduced numbers of hair follicles, abnormalities in hair follicle structure, and patchy absence of hair throughout life. By 2 weeks of age, abnormal hair follicle development is accompanied by thickening of the epidermis, reduction in levels of subcutaneous fat, and dermal inflammation. Progressive glomerulosclerosis, resulting in chronic kidney failure, is accompanied by increases in glomerular mesangial matrix, deposition of immune complexes, and glomerular enlargement. Scanning electron microscopic studies revealed abnormalities of podocytes including disorganization, swelling, and fusion of the foot processes. Increase in serum blood urea nitrogen levels accompanies conspicuous renal histopathologic changes. Cardiovascular changes in Hpt/+ mice are evidenced by hypertrophy of the left heart ventricle. Increased systolic blood pressure in these animals was found by 3 months of age. Anemia occurs in Hpt/+ mice by 40 weeks. The Hpt/+ mutation provides a valuable new animal model for chronic kidney disease accompanied by skin abnormalities and ventricular hypertrophy. The pathologic changes caused by this mutation are similar to those reported in affected family members with a newly described autosomal dominant human disease.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1836514&dopt=Abstract
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1991 Nov;25(5 Pt 1):787-96.
T-cell receptor gene rearrangement analysis: cutaneous T cell lymphoma, peripheral T cell lymphoma, and premalignant and benign cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders.
Zelickson BD, Peters MS, Muller SA, Thibodeau SN, Lust JA, Quam LM, Pittelkow MR.
Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
T-cell receptor gene rearrangement analysis is a useful technique to detect clonality and determine lineage of lymphoid neoplasms. We examined 103 patients with mycosis fungoides, Sezary syndrome, peripheral T cell lymphoma, potentially malignant lymphoproliferative disorders including pre-Sezary syndrome, large plaque parapsoriasis, lymphomatoid papulosis and follicular mucinosis, and various benign inflammatory infiltrates. A clonal rearrangement was detected in skin samples in 20 of 24 patients with mycosis fungoides and in peripheral blood samples in 19 of 21 patients with Sezary syndrome. A clonal population was also detected in seven of eight cases classified as peripheral T cell lymphoma. The potentially malignant dermatoses tended to have clonal rearrangement, with the exception of large plaque parapsoriasis, and further follow-up is needed to correlate clonality with the disease course. These studies demonstrate the value of molecular genetics as an adjunct to morphology in the examination of patients with cutaneous lymphoproliferative disease.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1839392&dopt=Abstract
Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 1991 May-Jun;46(3):112-5.
[Use of tissue expanders on the scalp]
[Article in Portuguese]
Gemperli R, Ferreira MC, Manders E, Neves RI, Bonamichi GT, Tuma Junior P.
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo.
Tissue expanders have emerged recently as a new option for the treatment of alopecia. The method consists in expanding the scalp beyond the defective area. In this way, some disadvantages like the alterations in the donor area and low density of hair follicles, that may result from other techniques, are avoided. We present our experience with tissue expanders in the treatment of 32 patients with alopecia. The extent of these areas varied from 30 to 150 cm2, and the causes were: burn sequels in 12 patients; trauma sequels in ten; tumoral resections in ten; giant nevus pilosus in four and baldness (male standard) in two patients. The resection of the area with alopecia and the replacement by normal adjacent tissue was possible without any complications in all cases. However some disadvantages were observed. They included the necessity for a second surgical procedure because of marked deformity of the cephalic segment.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1843377&dopt=Abstract
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