References: Hair growth and hair loss
J Invest Dermatol. 1999 Jul;113(1):61-8.
Successful treatment of alopecia areata-like hair loss with the contact sensitizer squaric acid dibutylester (SADBE) in C3H/HeJ mice.
Freyschmidt-Paul P, Sundberg JP, Happle R, McElwee KJ, Metz S, Boggess D, Hoffmann R.
Department of Dermatology, Philipp University, Marburg, Germany.
A type of hair loss closely resembling human alopecia areata has been described in C3H/HeJ mice. In order to test the assumed analogy with human alopecia areata, we investigated the efficacy of treatment with the contact allergen squaric acid dibutylester. In 12 C3H/HeJ mice with alopecia areata an allergic contact dermatitis was induced and elicited weekly on one side of the back by topical applications of squaric acid dibutylester. Overt hair regrowth was observed only on the treated side of the back in nine of 12 mice. Histopathologic examination revealed a change in the distribution of the inflammatory infiltrate from a dense perifollicular lymphocytic infiltrate around the mid and lower regions of hair follicles in untreated skin to a uniform presence in the upper dermis in treated skin. Immunohistomorphometric studies revealed that treatment with squaric acid dibutylester increased the CD4+/CD8+ ratio from approximately 1:2 in untreated alopecia areata to 1:1 in treated alopecia areata. Additional immunohistochemical investigations showed an aberrant expression of major histocompatibility complex class I, major histocompatibility complex class II and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 on keratinocytes of the mid and lower parts of hair follicles in untreated alopecia areata. In successfully treated skin ectopic major histocompatibility complex class I and II expression was clearly reduced, whereas intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression showed only minor changes. In conclusion, alopecia areata-like hair loss in C3H/HeJ mice responded to treatment with the contact sensitizer squaric acid dibutylester analogous to human alopecia areata. Moreover, successful treatment changes the aberrant expression of major histocompatibility complex class I and II in a way similar to that observed in human alopecia areata. These observations support the concept that alopecia areata-like hair loss in C3H/HeJ mice can be utilized as an appropriate model for the study of human alopecia areata.
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Med Cutan Ibero Lat Am. 1975;3(1):77-9.
[Experimental studies on seborheric alopecia. III. Localization of testosterone receptors in human hairy follicles]
[Article in Spanish]
Bassas E.
The author studies the location of the testosterone receptors in huamn hair follicles, by means of the isolation of the two most outstanding fractions of the pilosebaceous follicle, i.e., hair follicle and sebaceous gland. The two fractions were obtained by micro-dissection, homogenisation by separate, and isolation of the correspondig cytosol fraction. It was demonstrated that the two fractions possess the same binding activity against the andreogen tested.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1240561&dopt=Abstract
AOK.PTE.hu
Enzyme hydrolysis, solid phase extraction, methoxym-silyl derivatization and capillary gas chromatographic analysis were used to examine the changes in urinary steroid metabolites in men with androgenic alopecia. A total of 23 men with androgenic alopecia and 7 age-matched control healthy men collected 24-h urine. Significantly increased values were found in the metabolites of testosterone (T): androsterone (A) (p<0.02), and etiocholanolone (E) (p<0.05) in patients with androgenic alopecia, compared to the control values. Elevated levels of 16-hydroxy-dehydroepiandrosterone (16-OHD) (p<0.03) and cortisol (F) (P<0.05) were found, but the levels of cortisol metabolites were unchanged. Calculating the ratio of total 5 alpha/5 beta metabolites provided information on the activity of 5 alpha-reductase. The ratio of total 5 alpha/5 beta metabolites was increased in the patients showing the increased 5 alpha-reductase activity. The elevated 16-OHD level could be indicative of patients who had mild hyperadrenal activity.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12406594&dopt=Abstract
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