References: Hair growth and hair loss
J Cutan Pathol. 1975;2(5):240-5.
Cellular activity in the dermis surrounding the hair bulb in alopecia areata.
Pierard GE, De la Brassinne M.
The metabolic activity of the cells in the connective tissue surrounding the hair bulb has been studied by radioautography in alopecia areata and in normal scalp, using in vitro incorporation of tritiated thymidine, uridine, histidine, leucine and proline. In alopecia areata, the hair bulbs are blocked in the anagen IV stage and DNA, RNA and protein synthesis are restrained. Cells in the papilla, as well as the cellular infiltrate, display a very low rate of metabolic activity. During regrowth in alopecia areata, the activity of endothelial cells is increased in the papillary and peribulbar layers before DNA, RNA and protein synthesis are restored in the epithelial cells of the hair bulb. The dermal and epithelial labelling patterns eventually reach levels comparable to those observed in an induced anagen IV state of a normal scalp. It is concluded that the progression from anagen IV to a further stage represents a critical period in the growth of hair that would closely depend upon an adequate metabolic function of the connective tissue. It is impaired in alopecia areata.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1214022&dopt=Abstract
yale.edu
While the androgens, including dihydrotestosterone (DHT), have been implicated in the development of androgenetic alopecia (AGA), the exact mechanism by which they exert their effects is unknown. As apoptosis is an integral component of the normal cycling of human hair, we investigated individuals clinically affected by AGA to assess whether objective differences in the expression of apoptosis related immunohistochemical markers could be observed in scalp biopsies. Specimens from 13 alopecic male cadavers were stained with bcl-2 and terminal deoxynucleotidetransferase dUTP fluorescein nick end-labeling (TUNEL) methods to assess apoptotic activity in affected and unaffected areas of the scalp. Immunoreactivity was analyzed by quantifying nuclear staining differences within the same individual. Sections from two living human volunteers were obtained to establish the method validity. Significant differences in bcl-2 expression were observed between areas of the scalp clinically affected and unaffected by AGA. The Gaussian distribution of bcl-2 staining suggests that a relatively uniform population of follicles exists at the frontal hairline and/or synchrony of follicular cycling occurs in AGA. The apoptosis "hot spot" described by TUNEL staining in the bulge-isthmus region of the murine follicle is also identifiable in the human follicle.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12140435&dopt=Abstract
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2002 Jul;29(7):1147-52.
[Clinical evaluation of effects from neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with epirubicin plus paclitaxel in cases of locally advanced breast cancer]
[Article in Japanese]
Tong F, Zhou B, Yang D, Cao Y, Liu P, Liu H, Qiao X, Zhang J.
Dept. of 4th Surgery and Breast Disease Research Center, People's Hospital, Beijing University Medical School.
Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy of epirubicin plus paclitaxel was administered to 23 patients with locally advanced breast cancer (including 13 cases of stage IIb, 6 of stage IIIa, and 4 of stage IIIb). All patients were female. They were treated with epirubicin 60 mg/m2, on day 1, by i.v. followed paclitaxel 150 mg/m2 by 3 hours continuous infusion on day 2 and every 3 weeks repeatedly. Premedication with dexamethasone, ondansetron, diphenhydramine and cimetidine were administered to prevent gastroenteric and allergic reactions before chemotherapy. Two to 4 cycles were used. Ten out of 23 patients had a complete response, 10 had partial response, and 3 had no change. The response rate was 87% (20/23). Six out of 23 patients underwent breast conserving surgery as tumor size had become smaller and downstaging was realized after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. The major toxicities included neutropenia, myalgia, arthralgia, nephrotoxicity, gastroenteric reactions, alopecia and flushing to the face. However, these were well tolerated in these patients.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12145994&dopt=Abstract
Natural Herbal Supplements ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Hair growth research references ||
Online Pharmacy : discount prescription medication ||