References: Hair growth and hair loss
immunex.com
Tattered (Td) is an X-linked, semi-dominant mouse mutation associated with prenatal male lethality. Heterozygous females are small and at 4-5 days of age develop patches of hyperkeratotic skin where no hair grows, resulting in a striping of the coat in adults. Craniofacial anomalies and twisted toes have also been observed in some affected females. A potential second allele of Td has also been described. The phenotype of Td is similar to that seen in heterozygous females with human X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata (CDPX2, alternatively known as X-linked dominant Conradi-Hunermann-Happle syndrome) as well as another X-linked, semi-dominant mouse mutation, bare patches (Bpa). The Bpa gene has recently been identified and encodes a protein with homology to 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases that functions in one of the later steps of cholesterol biosynthesis. CDPX2 patients display skin defects including linear or whorled atrophic and pigmentary lesions, striated hyperkeratosis, coarse lusterless hair and alopecia, cataracts and skeletal abnormalities including short stature, rhizomelic shortening of the limbs, epiphyseal stippling and craniofacial defects (MIM 302960). We have now identified the defect in Td mice as a single amino acid substitution in the delta8-delta7 sterol isomerase emopamil binding protein (Ebp; encoded by Ebp in mouse) and identified alterations in human EBP in seven unrelated CDPX2 patients.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10391218&dopt=Abstract
Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci. 1999 Sep;38(5):47-49.
Epidermotropic Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides) in an ICR Mouse.
Lohmiller JJ, Swing SP, Valli VE, Li X.
Department of Pathology and Committee on Comparative Medicine and Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.
A case of epidermotropic lymphoma with systemic spread into lymph nodes and visceral organs was observed in a 7- to 8-month-old, female ICR mouse. The mouse developed progressive and generalized alopecia and lymphadenopathy of several weeks' duration. The affected skin was markedly and diffusely thickened, with multiple serous to hemorrhagic crusts, ulcerated plaques, and raised nodules. Microscopically, random and/or perivascular infiltration of pleomorphic lymphoid cells was present in the skin, lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, lungs, and liver. On cytologic examination, the lymphoid cells were similar in all affected tissues, and had hyperchromatic and irregularly oval, cleaved, and occasionally convoluted nuclei, approximately 6 to 9 mm in diameter. On immunohistochemical examination, most infiltrating cells were labeled with anti-CD3 (panT cell) antibody. A smaller proportion of the cells (, 5%) were labeled with anti-CD79a (panB cell) antibody.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12086417&dopt=Abstract [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
gata.edu.tr
Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease. However, little is known about the alterations in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in the scalp of patients with AA. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the status of oxidative stress in the scalp of patients with AA. We measured the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as lipid peroxidation status, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) as antioxidant enzymes in the scalp of ten patients with AA and ten control subjects. The levels of TBARS in scalp of patients with AA (3654.1+/-621.2 nmol/g tissue) were significantly higher than those of controls (1210.2+/-188.8 nmol/g tissue) (P=0.002). The levels of SOD (134.8+/-23.8 U/g tissue) and GSH-Px (332.7+/-66.2 U/g tissue) in scalp of patients with AA were also significantly higher than those of controls (63.2+/-8.8 U/g tissue, 112.0+/-18.4 U/g tissue, respectively) (P=0.019, P=0.002, respectively). The mean levels of TBARS, SOD and GSH-Px in early phase of disease were increased 2-fold as compared with late phase of the disease. These results indicate that oxidative status is affected in AA. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes may be involved in the pathogenesis of AA. Furthermore, we found high SOD and GSH-Px activities in the scalp of patient with AA. These high levels could not protect the patients against the reactive oxygen species, because lipid peroxidation could not be lowered in AA patients.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12088608&dopt=Abstract
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