References: Hair growth and hair loss
J Nurse Midwifery. 1997 Mar-Apr;42(2):104-11.
Depot medroxyprogesterone. Management of side-effects commonly associated with its contraceptive use.
Archer B, Irwin D, Jensen K, Johnson ME, Rorie J.
Planned Parenthood of San Diego, California, USA.
Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate is one of the most popular, effective methods of contraception used in the United States. Many women experience unpleasant side effects from this method, including episodic vaginal bleeding, hair loss, depression, and weight gain. This Clinical Practice Exchange describes the treatment strategies for these side-effects used by nurse-midwives from a variety of settings and locales. Contraceptive use can be more acceptable for many women if they are better able to cope with unpleasant side effects of the method. This Clinical Practice Exchange provides knowledge to enhance client coping.
PIP: In this clinical practice exchange, nurse-midwives in a variety of settings and US regions describe their treatment strategies for addressing the side effects associated with depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA). Although DMPA is a safe, effective, long-acting method of hormonal contraception, this injectable has been linked with side effects such as weight gain, menstrual changes, headache, dizziness, acne, abdominal bloating, breast swelling, depression, reduced libido, and alopecia. Approximately one-third of DMPA acceptors discontinue use by the end of the first year and half discontinue by the end of the second year, primarily because of these side effects. Nurse-midwives report that adolescents who are unable to take the pill consistently and breast-feeding women are ideal candidates for DMPA use. Constant vaginal bleeding, the most troublesome side effect, can be treated through use of ibuprofen, oral estrogen, or oral DMPA. Potential or actual weight gain can be averted through life-style changes such as reduced dietary fats and increased exercise. Unanticipated pregnancies can be avoided by administering the initial DMPA injection within 5 days after the onset of menses. Pre-acceptance anticipatory counseling, along with regular support and encouragement, increase user satisfaction with DMPA.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9107118&dopt=Abstract
J Dermatol. 1997 Mar;24(3):147-55.
Effects of thallium ion on cellular components of the skin.
Arbiser JL, Alani R, Flynn E, Wooten V, Byers HR.
Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Thallium salts have been employed by dermatologists to cause depilation, and dermatologic features are prominent in thallium overdose. These features include alopecia and follicular hyperkeratosis. Administration of thallium to pregnant animals results in limb deformities, similar to those seen after thalidomide embryopathy. These findings suggest that thallium may act on keratinocytes, melanocytes, and endothelial cells. We show that thallium exerts pleiotropic effects on proliferation, cell shape and motility of multiple cell types. These findings may help explain the clinical findings of thallotoxicosis.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9114610&dopt=Abstract
Br J Dermatol. 1997 Mar;136(3):315-8.
Diseases associated with dermatitis herpetiformis.
Reunala T, Collin P.
Department of Dermatology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
We have studied the occurrence of associated diseases in a cohort of 305 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) followed up for a mean of 10 years. The results were compared with those from 383 patients with coeliac disease (CD). Twenty-nine (9.5%) patients with DH and 73 (19.1%) with CD had concomitant endocrine or connective tissue disorders. The following associations were found: auto-immune thyroid disease (4.3% of DH patients and 6.0% of CD patients), insulin dependent diabetes (1.0% DH and 5.5% CD), lupus erythematosus (1.3% DH and 0.3% CD), Sjogren's syndrome (1.0% DH and 2.9% CD), sarcoidosis (1.3% DH and 1.8% CD), and vitiligo or alopecia areata (1.6% DH and 0% CD). We have shown that patients with DH are similar to those with CD in that many have associated endocrine or connective tissue disorders. Most of these diseases began before DH had been diagnosed suggesting that those on a gluten-free diet are not at special risk of contracting them.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9115907&dopt=Abstract
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