References: Hair growth and hair loss
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2001 Jul;15(4):325-7.
Acanthosis nigricans: a new cutaneous sign in severe atopic dermatitis and Down syndrome.
Munoz-Perez MA, Camacho F.
Department of Dermatology, Hospital Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain.
Acanthosis nigricans (AN) occurs associated with many different systemic diseases, such as endocrine disorders and internal malignant neoplasms. To our knowledge, the association of AN with severe atopic dermatitis (AD) or Down syndrome has not been described before. This 82-month retrospective study included 1038 patients: AN was present in 4.9% of atopic patients and 50.9% of subjects with Down syndrome. AN was more frequent in patients with severe AD and in 100% of cases of hand dermatitis and juvenile plantar dermatosis, located on the interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints, whereas in Down syndrome other flexures were also affected. The pathogenesis of AN in AD is unknown, but in Down syndrome it seems to be related to obesity. Possible insulin resistance underlyng the pathogenesis of AN in these patients is still unknown.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11730043&dopt=Abstract
home.com
BACKGROUND: Alopecia reduction surgery, because of a high incidence of complications, has become a seldom used operation. OBJECTIVE: To show that galea fixation alopecia removal/scalp reduction is simple, safe, highly effective, and largely complication-free. METHODS: Conclusions derived are based on studies of more than 1000 alopecia removal operations, done personally, including 700 performed as part of a surgical research project with specific protocols and goals. CONCLUSIONS: Effective, safe alopecia reduction surgery is possible when incision patterns do not transect either neurovascular structures or collagen and undermining is judicious. Deep plan fixation is regarded as critical to an optimal result.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11737126&dopt=Abstract
keratin.com
Circumstantial evidence has previously suggested gonad derived steroid hormones and melanogenesis related antigens may modify human alopecia areata (AA). AA-like hair loss can be induced in C3H/HeJ mice after skin allografts from spontaneous AA-affected mice. This inducible model was used to evaluate hormones and hair follicle melanocyte presence as disease-severity modifiers. Ten females and 9 males were gonadectomized and received AA-affected allografts. All gonadectomized mice had 2-4 weeks delay in AA onset relative to non-gonadectomized controls. Two females and 4 males failed to develop any AA by 25 weeks after grafting. The experiment was repeated with gonadectomized female and male mice plus non-gonadectomized mice subcutaneously implanted with silastic capsules containing 80 microg 17beta estradiol or 10 mg 5alpha dihydrotestosterone, respectively. Five of 11 ovariectomized and 9 of 11 non-ovariectomized, estradiol supplemented females developed AA with extremely rapid progression. Three of 8 castrated, but none of 11 non-castrated, dihydrotestosterone-supplemented males expressed AA. In a separate study, 14 mice were freeze-branded, producing white hair on the dorsal lumbar region, and later received full-thickness allografts. Thirteen mice developed patchy pigmented and non-pigmented hair loss. One mouse developed diffuse, pigmented hair loss, but with white hair survival persisting 25 weeks after grafting. The results suggest that gonadal steroid hormones can modulate C3H/HeJ mouse AA where estradiol promoted rapid progression of AA while dihydrotestosterone increased resistance to AA onset. In general, both pigmented and non-pigmented C3H/HeJ mouse hair is susceptible to AA. Murine AA susceptibility and severity clearly involves an interplay between genetic and epigenetic factors.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11737261&dopt=Abstract
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