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BACKGROUND: Hair growth parameters have been studied mostly in caucasian hair, whereas few data on African hair have been reported in the literature. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate hair growth characteristics of African volunteers born in Africa. METHODS: Thirty-eight young adults (19 women, 19 men, mean +/- SD age 27 +/- 10 years), native of central and western Africa, took part in the study. Phototrichograms were performed in order to record three parameters of hair growth: hair density, telogen percentage and rate of growth. For each volunteer, three regions of the scalp, namely vertex, temporal and occipital areas, were assessed. RESULTS: Hair density varied from 90 to 290 hairs cm(-2), with higher counts on the vertex. No significant difference between men and women was recorded. Telogen percentage showed wide variations, from 2 to 46%, with higher levels on the temporal area and in men. The rate of growth fluctuated from 150 to 363 microm day(-1) with no difference related either to gender or to scalp region. These data were compared with those previously obtained in caucasian volunteers of comparable age, and showed significant differences between the two ethnic groups in all three parameters studied. Hair density in African volunteers was lower than that in caucasians (mean +/- SD 190 +/- 40 and 227 +/- 55 hairs cm(-2), respectively). African hair grew at a much slower rate than caucasian hair (mean +/- SD 256 +/- 44 vs. 396 +/- 55 microm day(-1)), and telogen counts were frequently higher in African hair (mean +/- SD 18 +/- 9% vs. 14 +/- 11%). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated significant differences between African and caucasian hair growth parameters, which might suggest a trend towards increased hair loss in Africans, even though it contrasts with a lower and slower incidence of the development of alopecia in Africans.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11531795&dopt=Abstract




Br J Dermatol. 2001 Sep;145(3):415-21.
Impaired responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to T-cell stimulants in alopecia areata patients with a poor response to topical immunotherapy.

Yoshino T, Asada H, Ando Y, Fujii H, Yamaguchi Y, Yoshikawa K, Itami S.

Department of Dermatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.

BACKGROUND: Topical immunotherapy with a contact allergen is effective in alopecia areata (AA). However, the mechanism of the effect is still unknown, and pretreatment prediction of the outcome of therapy in each patient remains difficult. OBJECTIVES: To predict the clinical effect of this therapy in AA patients, we investigated the relationship between clinical responses to topical immunotherapy and in vitro proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to T-cell stimulants. METHODS: PBMC were taken from 67 AA patients before or during diphenylcyclopropenone immunotherapy and from 14 healthy controls, and proliferative responses to phytohaemagglutinin and staphylococcal enterotoxin B were evaluated by measuring [3H]-thymidine incorporation. RESULTS: PBMC from the AA patients with a good clinical response to immunotherapy showed a normal level of proliferation, whereas PBMC from the poor responders showed a markedly suppressed proliferative response and interleukin (IL)-2 production, but increased IL-4 production compared with the controls. CONCLUSIONS: The proliferative response of PBMC to T-cell stimulants may be one of the indicators of the clinical effect of topical immunotherapy for AA.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11531830&dopt=Abstract




Saudi Med J. 2000 Apr;21(4):348-51.
Efficacy and acceptability of depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate injection. As a method of contraception in Saudi Arabia.

Sobande AA, Al-Bar HM, Archibong EI, Sadek AA.

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, PO Box 641, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and acceptability of Depo-Medroxyprogesterone acetate (depo-provera) among the women using that method of contraception at King Faisal Military Hospital in the south-west region of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A preliminary retrospective and questionnaire analysis of 165 Saudi women who had depo-provera as a method of contraception at the contraception clinic of King Faisal Military Hospital over a period of 2 months. RESULTS: The mean age of the women was 31.21 years and the mean parity 6.77. There was no pregnancy reported during the period of use of the contraceptive method which ranged from 3 months to 7.25 years. The side effects were mainly irregular spotting (69%), continuous bleeding per vaginam (7%), amenorrhoea (8%) and menorrhagia (1%). The rest reported normal menstrual pattern. Irregular spotting was common in women who had used the method for less than 2 years while amenorrhoea was the most common menstrual abnormality after 3 years of use. The other complaints included weight gain, loss of hair, abdominal pain and backache. The side effects were not acceptable to 4% of the women and they tried other methods of contraception. Thirteen percent of the women became pregnant after stopping the injections within intervals varying between 6 months to 2 years. Seventeen percent were using the method for the 2nd time. CONCLUSION: Depo-provera is a very effective form of contraception in our community. While a few of the patients (4%) in our series would try other methods if not happy with the side effects, the majority were prepared to cope with the side effects as long as the desired prevention of pregnancy was guaranteed. Further studies are needed to validate these findings.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11533816&dopt=Abstract













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