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Hum Psychopharmacol. 2002 Jun;17(4):175-9.
Serological observations in patients suffering from acute manic episodes.
Wadee AA, Kuschke RH, Wood LA, Berk M, Ichim L, Maes M.
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences and School of Pathology of the University of the Witwatersrand and the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa. bronwynail.saimr.wits.ac.za
Although abnormalities of the immune system have been described in depression, information on serological alteration in acutely manic patients has been scarce. The present study undertook to investigate the levels of C-reactive proteins, circulating immune complexes, total immunoglobulins and immunoglobulin subclasses, complement proteins C3, C4, C6 and Factor B in the sera of 45 patients suffering from an acute manic episode. The findings were compared with assessments on the sera of 45 controls. The results demonstrate a number of significant differences between patients and controls. Whilst levels of immunoglobulin D were significantly lower, the levels of total immunoglobulin and immunoglobulin G1, complement proteins C3, C6 and Factor B were raised in the patient group when compared with the controls. Our results suggest a relationship between acute mania and immunological parameters associated with acute phase responses. 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12404684&dopt=Abstract
J Clin Immunol. 2002 Sep;22(5):263-9.
Immunomodulatory effects of estrogen and progesterone replacement in a nonhuman primate model.
Attanasio R, Gust DA, Wilson ME, Meeker T, Gordon TP.
Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303, USA. rattanasisu.edu
A novel postmenopausal nonhuman primate model consisting of healthy young and old ovariectomized rhesus macaques was used to assess the short-term immunomodulatory effects of transdermally administered estrogen and progesterone. Specifically, we determined estrogen- and progesterone-induced changes in absolute numbers of circulating lymphocytes (B lymphocytes, CD4+ lymphocytes, and CD8+ lymphocytes) as well as lymphocytes expressing the activation markers CD25 and CD69. In addition, we assessed B and T lymphocyte activity, i.e, immunoglobulin (Ig) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In general, treatment with estrogen or progesterone resulted in decreased lymphocyte numbers and in down-modulation of activation markers. In addition, hormone replacement resulted in a decreasing trend for PBMC IFN-gamma production, whereas PBMC Ig production was minimally affected. Hormone treatment seemed to influence young and old animals differently, with the young animals appearing more susceptible to its immune system-related effects. These results indicate that, in our animal model exogenously administered hormones may dynamically interact with the immune system, resulting in in vivo modulation of lymphocyte numbers and activity.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12405159&dopt=Abstract
Comp Med. 2002 Oct;52(5):429-32.
Influence of bedding type on mucosal immune responses.
Sanford AN, Clark SE, Talham G, Sidelsky MG, Coffin SE.
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Division Immunologic and Infectious Diseases, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
The mucosal immune system interacts with the external environment. In the study reported here, we found that bedding materials can influence the intestinal immune responses of mice. We observed that mice housed on wood, compared with cotton bedding, had increased numbers of Peyer's patches (PP) visible under a dissecting microscope. In addition, culture of lymphoid organs revealed increased production of total and virus-specific IgA by PP and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) lymphocytes from mice housed on wood, compared with cotton bedding. However, bedding type did not influence serum virus-specific antibody responses. These observations indicate that bedding type influences the intestinal immune system and suggest that this issue should be considered by mucosal immunologists and personnel at animal care facilities.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12405635&dopt=Abstract
Equine Vet J Suppl. 2002 Sep;(34):182-5.
Benefits of moderate training to the nonspecific immune response of colts.
Escribano BM, Aguera EI, Vivo R, Santisteban R, Castejon FM, Rubio MD.
Department of Animal Biology (Physiology), Cordoba, Spain.
The aim of this work was to assess whether progressive training caused an improvement in the nonspecific immune response of colts because several unusual infections are due to defects inherent in the neutrophilic function among which respiratory diseases are a major defect in the performance of athletes taking part in professional sports activities. A group of 7 Anglo-Arabian colts belonging to the Army was selected. These animals carry out training programmes for their participation in National Jumping Competitions. During a submaximal exercise test (heart rate 150 beats/min and lactate levels maintained at aerobic-anaerobic threshold of 3 mmol/l), they were compared with 5 colts of the same breed, just beginning training exercises. Immediately after the test, the nonspecific immune capacity of neutrophilic polymorphonuclear cells was valued by adherence, chemotaxis, ingestion and digestion of foreign substances tests. The results showed significant differences between trained and nontrained animals for the adherence and foreign particle digestion tests and, beginning with a greater adherence in untrained animals, a superior effectiveness was achieved in the immune function in trained colts, whose digestive capactiy was increased with respect to the untrained ones. It was, therefore, concluded that moderate training and exercise improves and reinforces the response of the nonspecific immune system against future infections in the organisms.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12405683&dopt=Abstract
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):16940-5. Epub 2002 Dec 16.
Intrinsic susceptibility of mouse trophoblasts to natural killer cell-mediated attack in vivo.
Erlebacher A, Lukens AK, Glimcher LH.
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Protecting the fetus and placenta from the maternal immune system has long been considered a function of placental trophoblasts. Here, we present two related lines of evidence that contradict this assumption. First, we show that transformed mouse trophoblast cell lines akin to human choriocarcinomas form tumors in syngeneic and immunodeficient mice, yet are rejected in immunocompetent allogeneic mice. Second, we show that wild-type trophoblasts are rapidly killed after i.v. injection into allogeneic mice. In both cases, the pattern of trophoblast killing in different strains of immunodeficient mice indicated that rejection involved host natural killer cells, and this was corroborated by in vitro killing assays. The apparent intrinsic susceptibility of mouse trophoblasts to immune attack strongly suggests that it is instead some property of the pregnant uterus that is of primary importance in preventing rejection of the fetus.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12486249&dopt=Abstract
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