Fas and c-kit are involved in the control of hair follicle melanocyte apoptosis and migration in chemotherapy-induced hair loss.

DreamPharm Products:

J Invest Dermatol 2003 Jan;120(1):27-35

Fas and c-kit are involved in the control of hair follicle melanocyte apoptosis and migration in chemotherapy-induced hair loss.

Chemotherapy alters the structure and function of hair follicle melanocytes. Molecular mechanisms controlling melanocyte responses during chemotherapy-induced hair loss, however, remain largely unknown. Using immunohistology and multicolor confocal microscopy, we show here that cyclophosphamide administration to C57BL/6 mice alters the activity and fate of hair follicle melanocytes. After 24-48 h, hair bulb melanocytes expressing Fas undergo apoptosis. The number of apoptotic follicular melanocytes is significantly reduced (p<0.01) in cyclophosphamide-treated Fas knockout mice compared to wild-type controls, suggesting that Fas signaling contributes to chemotherapy-induced melanocyte death. After 3-5 d, surviving hair bulb melanocytes express c-kit receptor, proliferate, and appear to migrate up the outer root sheath. Tyrosinase-positive and melanogenically active cells then appear in the epidermis. By Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, expression levels of the c-kit ligand, stem cell factor, in skin and epidermis are strongly increased after cyclophosphamide treatment. Cyclophosphamide-induced migration of the hair follicle melanocytes into epidermis is completely abrogated by administration of c-kit neutralizing antibody. These data suggest that chemotherapy induces a complex response in the hair follicle melanocytes, which includes apoptosis, proliferation, and migration. Pharmacologic manipulation of Fas and c-kit signaling pathways might be useful for the correction of skin hyperpigmentation as a side-effect of chemotherapy.

Pol Merkuriusz Lek 2002 Sep;13(75):208-11

Effect of minoxidil on hair growth in androgenic alopecia in women

The aim of the study was to carry out clinical and trichological examination (trichogram and assessment of hair loss) before and after treatment in 17 women aged 41-50 years with androgenic alopecia. Minoxidil (Loxon) was topically applied twice a day massaging the solution into the scalp over 6-12 months. It was revealed on the ground of clinical and trichological examination that the medication containing 2% solution of minoxidil externally applied on the scalp with androgenic alopecia over a few months caused normalization of hair root condition and decrease of hair loss in some patients of the observed group. The drug has a stimulating influence on hair growth and should be administered as an adjuvant therapy in androgenic alopecia in women.

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2002 May;129(5 Pt 2):831-6

Alopecia areata: update on therapy

The management of patients with alopecia areata is obviously not restricted to the prescription of a treatment inducing hair growth. It requires thorough exploration (history of hair loss, treatments and concomitant pathologies), detailed clinical examination of the integument and palpation of the thyroid. The patient must, systematically, be given a simple explanation of his/her pathology, thus avoiding any feelings of mystery, hopelessness and guilt and hence paradoxically turning alopecia into "just another disease", even if flares are unpredictable and cannot always be treated. Innovations over the past few years have not met dermatologist's expectations: in particular immunosuppressors administered locally have not shown efficacy in human, as opposed to animal models of alopecia areata. Moreover, we must remain critical and rigorous with regard to "false" innovations: several recent publications are, methodologically, open to criticism. Older products provide clear descriptions of their indications and use, and relatively standardize the therapeutic approach to alopecia. Some of them lead to hair growth on the treated area: localized immuno-therapy that in certain cases induces hair growth where other treatments have failed. PUVA-therapy, however, because of frequent relapses on withdrawal and the characteristic recurrence of alopecia, rapidly leads to the use of high cumulative doses; balneo-PUVA therapy is effective with lower doses (PUVA-turban). Recently, UVB TL01 has shown efficacy in anecdotal studies. Local corticosteroids; notably injectable and anthralin, an old treatment which remains a useful therapeutic approach in alopecia areata plaques and in the ophiasic forms in children and adults. Finally, among the available treatment arms, systemic corticosteroids still have a place in recent extended forms: although still under experimentation, the bolus appears efficient during the primary episodes of alopecia areata, when administered within the first three months

Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003;4(6):371-8.

Skin aging and menopause : implications for treatment.

The skin is one of the largest organs of the body, which is significantly affected by the aging process and menopause. The significant changes sustained by the skin during the menopause are due to the effect sustained on the skin's individual components.The estrogen receptor has been detected on the cellular components of the skin. Accordingly, dermal cellular metabolism is influenced by the hypoestrogenoemic state of menopause leading to changes in the collagen content, alterations in the concentration of glycoaminoglycans and most importantly the water content. Consequently changes in these basic components leads to an alteration in function compatible with skin aging.Changes in the skin collagen leads to diminished elasticity and skin strength. Collagen content may be measured by various methods such as direct skin biopsy, skin blister assessment for collagen markers and skin thickness measurement. All these variables indicate a reduction in collagen content following menopause. This may be reversed with the administration of estrogen given both topically and systemically.A reduction in hydrophilic glycoaminglycans leads to a direct reduction in water content, which influences the skin turgor. These effects on glycoaminoglycans, due to the hypoestrogenia, have been clearly shown in animal studies and appeared to be rapidly reversed with the application of estrogens. The sum total of these basic effects on the skin leads to wrinkles, the skin condition typifying skin aging.Structures resident in the skin are likewise influenced by menopause. Changes to the cutaneous vascular reactivity are noted following menopause. Capillary blood flow velocity decreases significantly in postmenopausal women. Postmenopausal flushing is due to profound vasodilatation in the dermal papillae. Hair growth is also influenced by the hormonal milieu and consequently hair loss has been associated with the beginning of menopause.Treatments administered for menopause, in particular hormone replacement therapy, appear to alter its effects on the basic components of the skin as well as the more complex structures residing in the skin, consequently retarding the skin aging process.

Since hair growth is a complicated biological process, modern science has yet to grasp a complete picture. A number of traditional and alternative therapeutic methods that include drugs, surgery, and suppelements have been developed to help those who are losing hair. Unfortunately, none of these approaches are perfect for all hair loss problems due to the complexity of the phenomenon and diverse nature of the causes underlying hair loss. Also, most of chemical drugs and hair transplantation surgeries are accompanied by undesirable side effects.

DreamPharm offers Hair Million (have you heard?) to help treat hair loss problems. Numerous anecdotal cases have demonstrated that this herbal formula based on traditional Chinese herbs actually improves hair thinning and hair loss, a condition often associated with aging, for a significant fraction of people who take the formula regularly. It is not yet understood how Hair Million can stop hair loss and promote hair growth. No scientific research or placebo controlled clinical analysis has been performed on these herbs. Lack of scientific/clinical research is not uncommon in herbal arena. Nonetheless, there are two merits in this hair restoration herbal formula: Firstly, Hair Million is relatively inexpensive, and secondly, it is made of edible herbs that are known to be safe when consumed in regular quantities. Propecia is a clinically tested prescription medication.

DHEA has been suggested to provide numerous potential benefits. DHEA (or dehydroepiandrosterone) is converted into androgens (male hormones) or estrogens (female hormones) in the cells.

Herbs and Pharmaceuticals Online|| Best Realtor in Glendale, California: Residential Home and Commercial Property || Related Web pages || Herbs and Pharmaceuticals Online ||