Curly bare (cub), a new mouse mutation on chromosome 11 causing skin and hair abnormalities, and a modifier gene (mcub) on chromosome 5.

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Genomics 2003 Jan;81(1):6-14

Curly bare (cub), a new mouse mutation on chromosome 11 causing skin and hair abnormalities, and a modifier gene (mcub) on chromosome 5.

In the outcrossing of a new recessive mouse mutation causing hair loss, a new wavy-coated phenotype appeared. The two distinct phenotypes were shown to be alternative manifestations of the same gene mutation and attributable to a single modifier locus. The new mutation, curly bare (cub), was mapped to distal Chr 11 and the modifier (mcub) was mapped to Chr 5. When homozygous for the recessive mcub allele, cub/cub mice appear hairless. A single copy of the dominant Mcub allele confers a full, curly coat in cub/cub mice. Reciprocal transfer of full-thickness skin grafts between mutant and control animals showed that the skin phenotype was tissue autonomous. The hairless cub/cub mcub/mcub mice show normal contact sensitivity responses to oxazolone. The similarity of the wavy coat phenotype to those of Tgfa and Egfr mutations and the map positions of cub and mcub suggest candidate genes that interact in the EGF receptor signal transduction pathway.

Dermatol Surg 2002 Sep;28(9):783-94

The art of repair in surgical hair restoration part I: basic repair strategies.

BACKGROUND: An increasingly important part of many hair restoration practices is the correction of hair transplants that were performed using older, outdated methods, or the correction of hair transplants that have left disfiguring results. The skill and judgment involved in these repair procedures often exceed those needed to operate on patients who have had no prior surgery. The use of small grafts alone does not protect the patient from poor work. Errors in surgical and aesthetic judgment, performing procedures on noncandidate patients, and the failure to communicate successfully with patients about realistic expectations remain major problems. OBJECTIVE: This two-part series presents new insights into repair strategies and expands upon several techniques previously described in the hair restoration literature. The focus is on creative aesthetic solutions to solve the supply/demand limitations inherent in most repairs. This article is written to serve as a guide for surgeons who perform repairs in their daily practices. METHODS: The repairs are performed by excision with reimplantation and/or by camouflage. Follicular unit transplantation is used for the restorative aspects of the procedure. RESULTS: Using punch or linear excision techniques allows the surgeon to relocate poorly planted grafts to areas that are more appropriate. In special situations, removal of grafts without reimplantation can be accomplished using lasers or electrolysis. The key elements of camouflage include creating a deep zone of follicular units, angling grafts in their natural direction, and using forward and side weighting of grafts to increase the appearance of fullness. The available donor supply is limited by hair density, scalp laxity, and scar placement. CONCLUSION: Presented with significant cosmetic problems and severely limited donor reserves, the surgeon performing restorative hair transplantation work faces distinct challenges. Meticulous surgical techniques and optimal utilization of a limited hair supply will enable the surgeon to achieve the best possible cosmetic results for patients requiring repairs.

J Invest Dermatol 2002 Feb;118(2):216-25

Molecular mechanisms regulating hair follicle development.

Clinical conditions causing hair loss, such as androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata, and scarring alopecia, can be psychologically devastating to individuals and are the target of a multimillion dollar pharmaceutical industry. The importance of the hair follicle in skin biology, however, does not rest solely with its ability to produce hair. Hair follicles are self-renewing and contain reservoirs of multipotent stem cells that are capable of regenerating the epidermis and are thought to be utilized in wound healing. Hair follicles are also the sites of origin of many neoplasias, including some basal cell carcinomas and pilomatricoma. These diseases result from inappropriate activation of signaling pathways that regulate hair follicle morphogenesis. Identification of the signaling molecules and pathways operating in developing and postnatal, cycling, hair follicles is therefore vital to our understanding of pathogenic states in the skin and may ultimately permit the development of novel therapies for skin tumors as well as for hair loss disease. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent progress in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating hair follicle formation, and to discuss ways in which this information may eventually be utilized in the clinic.

Cancer Res. 2003 Jun 15;63(12):3037-42.

Inhibition of the Development of Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Protein Kinase C epsilon Transgenic Mice by alpha-Difluoromethylornithine Accompanied by Marked Hair Follicle Degeneration and Hair Loss.

The role of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated polyamine biosynthesis in the development of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (mSCC) in protein kinase C epsilon (PKCepsilon) transgenic mice was determined. TPA treatment induced epidermal ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and putrescine levels approximately 3-4-fold more in PKCepsilon transgenic mice than their wild-type littermates. Development of mSCC by the 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (100 nmol)-TPA (5 nmol) protocol in PKCepsilon transgenic mice was completely prevented by administration of the suicide inhibitor of ODC alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO, 0.5% w/v) in the drinking water during TPA promotion. However, DFMO treatment led to marked hair loss in PKCepsilon transgenic mice. DFMO treatment-associated hair loss in PKCepsilon transgenic mice was accompanied by a decrease in the number of intact hair follicles. These results indicate that TPA-induced ODC activity and the resultant accumulation of putrescine in PKCepsilon transgenic mice are linked to growth and maintenance of hair follicles, and the development of mSCC. Severe hair loss observed in PKCepsilon transgenic mice on DFMO during skin tumor promotion has not been reported before in the prevention of cancer in other animal models or in human cancer prevention trials.

Natural Herbal Supplement: Hair Million

Hair loss, or alopecia is a concern for increasing number of folks in aging society. Loss of hair is indeed a visible problem.
The phenomenon of hair thinning and hair loss is most commonly associated with natural phenomena associated with aging, there are many other causes of hair loss, which include inherited or genetic conditions, illnesses, malnutrition, stress, hormonal problems, chemotherapy, and use of some drugs.
Hair growth is a sophisticated biological process, which has not yet been completely understood. A multitude of therapeutic measures, including drugs, surgery, and suppelements have been made available, and used. However, due to the diversity of the problems underlying hair loss, there is no single solution for all hair loss cases. Most of chemical drugs and hair transplantation surgeries are not free from varying degrees of undesirable side effects on health.

Hair Million is an alternative solution to hair loss problems. Anecdotally, it shows prositive results and improvement for age-related hair thinning and hair loss for a fraction of people who take it. We do not know the mechanisms of action as to how Hair Million works to help stop hair loss, and promote hair growth. We only know by anecdotal observations. There has been no clinical trials nor placebo controlled statistical analysis on the efficacy of HairMillion on hair loss and hair growth.
Bottom line is that there are two merits in this hair restoration herbal formula:
Firstly, Hair Million is rather inexpensive, and secondly, it is made of well known herbs that are safe when consumed in regular quantities. For clinically tested prescription medication, try Buy Propecia Online.

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