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Mol Cell Endocrinol 2002 Dec 30;198(1-2):89-95
Androgens and alopecia.
Androgens have profound effects on scalp and body hair in humans. Scalp hair grows constitutively in the absence of androgens, while body hair growth is dependent on the action of androgens. Androgenetic alopecia, referred to as male pattern hair loss (MPHL) in men and female pattern hair loss (FPHL) in women, is due to the progressive miniaturization of scalp hair. Observations in both eunuchs, who have low levels of testicular androgens, and males with genetic 5alpha-reductase (5alphaR) deficiency, who have low levels of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), implicate DHT as a key androgen in the pathogenesis of MPHL in men. The development of finasteride, a type 2-selective 5alphaR inhibitor, further advanced our understanding of the role of DHT in the pathophysiology of scalp alopecia. Controlled clinical trials with finasteride demonstrated improvements in scalp hair growth in treated men associated with reductions in scalp DHT content, and a trend towards reversal of scalp hair miniaturization was evident by histopathologic evaluation of scalp biopsies. In contrast to its beneficial effects in men, finasteride did not improve hair growth in postmenopausal women with FPHL. Histopathological evaluation of scalp biopsies confirmed that finasteride treatment produced no benefit on scalp hair in these women. These findings suggest that MPHL and FPHL are distinct clinical entities, with disparate pathophysiologies. Studies that elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which androgens regulate hair growth would provide greater understanding of these differences.
Br J Dermatol 2002 Apr;146(4):601-8
The hairless gene in androgenetic alopecia: results of a systematic mutation screening and a family-based association approach.
BACKGROUND: Genetic disposition and androgen dependence are important characteristics of the common patterned loss of scalp hair known as androgenetic alopecia (AGA). The genetic factors contributing to AGA are currently unknown. The human hairless gene (HR) has recently been cloned and mutations have been reported in families with autosomal recessive universal congenital alopecia and papular atrichia. The main feature of these disorders is persistent complete absence of hair at or shortly after birth. This suggests that HR is essential and specific for the development of hair. OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that HR may be involved in AGA. METHODS: We systematically screened HR for genetic variability by means of single-strand conformation analysis (SSCA) in 46 unrelated men with AGA. To test for an involvement of HR in the development of AGA, seven common variants were genotyped in 61 families with 93 affected offspring. The results were analysed with the transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT). RESULTS: SSCA showed 15 single nucleotide substitutions: eight missense mutations, four silent mutations and three mutations in exon-flanking intronic sequences. TDT results showed a marginally significant association between AGA and variants 3379-29G/T (P = 0.024) and 2611-68C/T (P = 0.047). These results, however, did not remain significant after applying the conservative Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSIONS: Our results do not provide evidence for a strong involvement of HR in the development of AGA, although a minor role cannot be fully excluded.
J Pract Nurs 2001 Winter;51(4):18-21; quiz 22-3
Can stress make you lose your hair?
Many individuals are frightened by hair loss and are hesitant to speak about it. Many are unaware that stressors can causes hair loss and that hair care practices and habits can aggravate a hair loss situation. Intervention by the nurse in encouraging a person to have an adequate assessment and work-up can facilitate an accurate diagnosis. Supportive and appropriate therapy can then be arranged. The hair tells a story and can be associated with good health.
Cell Struct Funct. 2003 Feb;28(1):97-104.
Autoimmune hair loss induced by alloantigen in C57BL/6 mice.
Exponentially growing Meth-A cells expressing H-2K(d).D (d) antigen were found to induce alopecia when injected intraperitoneally into normal C57BL/6 mice, which express the H-2K(b).D (b) antigen. However, the capacity to induce alopecia disappeared when Meth-A cells were treated with K252a, which inhibits protein kinases. Histologically, skin in affected areas showed dense mononuclear cell infiltration and a focal foreign-body giant-cell reaction in hair follicles. The subtyping of lymphocytes in peripheral blood demonstrated a significant difference between normal mice and Meth-A cell-injected mice. To further examine the mechanism by which the alloantigen induces alopecia, lymphocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of normal C57BL/6 mice were cultured in medium containing Meth-A cell homogenate, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and recombinant mouse interleukin-2 (rm IL-2), and intravenously injected into normal C57BL/6 mice. The adoptive transfer of the lymphocytes induced alopecia in a similar way. These findings suggest that the protein kinase-modulated alloantigen induces alopecia by disturbing the immunological homeostasis, and that lymphokine-activated killer cells play an important role in induction of alopecia by cross-reacting with hair follicles.
Hair growth is a sophisticated biological process, which is still not thoroughly understood.
A multitude of therapeutic measures, including drugs, surgery, and suppelements have been made available, and used. However, due to the diversity of the problems underlying hair loss, there is no single solution for all hair loss cases. Most of chemical drugs and hair transplantation surgeries are not free from varying degrees of undesirable side effects on health.
Hair Million is an alternative solution to hair loss problems. Anecdotally, it shows prositive results and improvement especially for age-related hair thinning and hair loss for a fraction of people who take it. We do not know the mechanisms of action as to how Hair Million works to help stop hair loss, and promote hair growth.
We only know by anecdotal observations. There has been no clinical trials nor placebo controlled statistical analysis on the efficacy of Hair Million on hair loss and hair growth.
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DHEA has been suggested to provide numerous potential benefits. DHEA (or dehydroepiandrosterone) is converted into androgens (male hormones)
or estrogens (female hormones) in the cells.
Our bodies produce decreasing amount of DHEA as we get older.
various health benefits: To deter aging,
improve sexual function/erectile dysfunction, treat cognitive decline, enhance athletic performance,
facilitate weight loss, improve strength, prevent osteoporosis, enhance immunomodulation for rheumatic conditions,
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